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Journal of the Korean Academy of Family Medicine 1992;13(3):254-263.
Published online March 1, 1992.
The effects of family functioning on infant birthweight.
Youn Seon Choi, Joung Yeol Oh, Kyung Hwan Cho, Myung Ho Hong
The effects of Family Functioning on Infant Birthweight
Department of Family Medicine, Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
Abstract
Background
: Low birth weight is the most important determinant of the chances of the newborn to survive and to experience healthy growth and development. Pregnancy can be seen as a time when the family's boundaries are shifting(or are failing to shift) to accommodate a new member. According to the circumplex model, one would hypothesize that families at either extreme of cohesion or adaptability would not do well at navigating the transition of pregnancy and the birth of a child, Therefore we carried out this study to determine the effects of family functioning on infant birth weight(IBW).

Methods : The mother's perception of family function was assessed with FACES Ⅲ and collects sociodemographic data. Randomly selected mothers in Korea University obstetric clinics, while they are in 28 to 36 weeks of their gestational period were invited to participate this prospective study from June through August 1991. Listwise deletion on any one variable reduced the sample to 120 mother-infant pairs. IEW and other variables affecting IBW were compared by family function type.

Results : IBW is positively related with gestational age(r=0.361) and weight gain during pregnancy(r=0.267) and negatively associated with highest systolic blood pressure(r=-0.240) and age of pregnant women(r=-0.180). 15% of family was considered to be dysfunctional. There were no statistically significant difference in this analysis between sociodemographic determinants(educational level, occupation, religion, income, et al) and biomedical characteristics(gestational age, prepregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy, highest systolic blood pressure) of functional and dysfunctional families, IBW from women with dysfunctional family significantly smaller than from whose mother with healthy functional families(p<0.05).

Conclusion : Maternal anxiety and stress or social support have been to be related to the outcome of pregnancy, as understanding of the contribution of the family system to pregnancy outcome increases, it should be possible to intervene early in pregnancy to modify risk factors associated with family systems, the major goal of this research is to generate information that can improve the outcome of pregnancy.
초록
연구배경 : 저체중은 신생아의 생존과 건강한 성장발달에 가장 중요한 결정요인이며, 임신은 새로운 구성원에 적응하기 위해 가족경계가 변하는 시기(또는 변동에 실패할 수도 있는)로 볼 수 있다.Circumplex model에 따르면 결속도와 적응도의 각 극단에 있는 가족은 임신과 자녀 출생으로 원할하게 이행하기 어렵다고 가정할 수 있다. 이에 가족기능과 신생아 체중의 관련성에 대해 알아보고자 본 연구를 시작하였다.

방법 : 1991년 6월부터 8월까지 고대부속병원의 산과 외래에 처음 내원한(재태기간 28주에서 36주사이) 산모를 무작위 추출법으로 D.H. Olson등이 고안한 가족적응력 결속력 평가척도(FACESⅢ)설문지를 이용해서 가족기능을 평가하였고 인구사회학적 특징들을 수집했다. 총 조사대상은 산모-신생아 120쌍이었고 가족기능에 따라 체중 및 이에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 비교하였다.

결과 : 신생아 체중은 재태기간(r=0.361)과 임신중 체중증가(? =0.267)는 순 상관관계이었고, 임신중 최고혈압(r=-0.240)과 산모나이(R=0.361)와 역상관관계이었다. 극단형 가족은 15%(18쌍) 이었고, 건강한 가족과 극단형 가족간의 인구사회학적 요인(산모의 학력, 직업, 종교, 수입 등)과 재태기간, 임신 전과 임신 중 체중증가, 임신 중 최고수축기혈압간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 신생아 체중은 극단형 가족에서 건강한 자족보다 통계적으로 유의하게 적었다(o<0.05).

결론 : 산모의 불안과 스트레스 그리고 사회적 지지와 임신의 결과에 영향을 미치는 가족구조를 이해함으로써, 빨리 위험요인을 중재할 수 있다. 이 연구의 주된 목적은 임신의 결과를 향상시킬 수 있는 정보를 제공하는 것에 있다.


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