Background
: Though there are some women who deliver at hospital that they have not visited for prenatal care, there are only a little knowledge about the reason and effect of such behavior.

Methods : Data were gathered from 121 women who gave birth at Pochun medical center during September 1993 and who met the inclusion criteria by paper-interview and chart reviews. They were composed of 59 controls who received prenatal care at Pochun medical center and 62 cases who did not receive prenatal care at that center.

Results : The most frequent reason for self-changing hospital was patient's desire to deliver at the place near her mother's home(37.2%). Other reasons were mere preference for general hospital(19.4%), self-change due to medical problem(12.9%) and so on. There were no difference in average birth weight, types of delivery, average delivery cost.

Conclusion : Most reasons were not related to medical problems. There were no significant difference between cases and controls in delivery outcome.

Background
: Recently many otolaryngologists use OMU CT(Ostiomeatal unit CT) scan to diagnose chronic sinusitis because PNS plain radiograph has many limitations to perform detailed anatomic examination about ostiomeatal unit. But many primary physicians have depended on plain radiograph to diagnose chronic sinusitis due to high medical cost and accessibility problem. In this study, I compared plain radiograph with OMU CT to know how accurately plain radiograph diagnose and localize the residual sinus diseases.

Methods : I performed a prospective study of 71 patients who were clinically suspected to have a chronic sinusitis. all patients in this study had conventional sinus radioraph and OMU CT. Two examinations were performed on the same day. Before undertaken two examinations, all patients completed a qestionnaire which was accociated with symptoms of chronic sinusitis. The plain radiograph was interpreted by two radiologists and OMU CT were interpreted independently of the plain radiograph.

Results : Of the 71 patients studied, 40 were men and 31 women. Their ages ranged from 15 to 67 years. There is no significant symptom difference between normal and abnormal OMU CT group. With respect to the location of sinusitis, maxillary sinus was most common site and then ethmoid, sphenoid, frontal sinus in sequence. Validity of plain radiograph is as follows : sensitivity 75.5%, specificity 61.1%, positive predictive value 85.1% and negative predictive value 45.8%. Validity of plain radiograph by each sinus shows some difference acording to the sinus (Table 6). Sensitivity is relatively high in maxillary sinus(About 79% and 68% in right and left) but others low(Below 50%). Specificity is almost over 90% except maxillary sinus.

Conclusion : Chronic sinusitis often underdiagnosed or overdiagnosed on the finings of plain radiograph. But considering health care cost and acessibility PNS plain radiograph is still useful diagnositc modality in primary care.

Background
: Nowadays, since Aquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) prevailing all of the world has no exact cure yet, the only countermeasure is to guide the masses' steps in the path of awareness through publicity & education. In the first stage, only the high risk group and countries hea the opportunity of infection. But, at the present the way of infection has changed to 'within the general publics' and multiplied among Koreans. Since, it has become important to educate the low risk groups(general publics). We research the general public's knowledge of AIDS.

Methods : A questionnaire was given to two groups; one was composed of the people who visited a hospital for periodic health examinations during one month(April 1993). The other group was composed of people who worked in a government office.

Results : A total of 289 people answered the questionnaire. The rate of response was 90.1%. And the percentage of males was 53.3%, Concerning the question of the latent period, 49.5% had a correct understanding of the fact that AIDS development took more than several years after HIV infection. 52.2% of the subjects of investigation didn't want to visit hospital even though they felt they might have the infection. Among them, 83% said that the reason was the contempt and isolation from society, when they are regarded as AIDS patient. Once guaranted of security, most of them(78.9%) wanted a consultant, especially by phone(36%). Concerning the risk routes of infection, most of them(from 83.1% to 99.0% each items) looked at in the right light. However, concerning the possibility of the infection in daily life, they have some misconception, c.g. mosquitoes(88%), donation of blood(48%0, swimming(36.1%) etc. Only 56% know that condoms can protect from AIDS.

Conclusion : Nearly half of the respondents would not visit a hopital, even though they have recognized their infection with AIDS. Almost all of them duly recognized the importance of sex and blood in AIDS transmission. But, many of them considered AIDS as an acute disease and had misconceptions that it was carried by the donation of blood, mosquitoes. We also find that half of the subjects of investigation didn't acknowledge that condoms could prevent AIDS.

Background
: in order to provide basic data which are necessary for the standard reference of residency training program in family medicine(F.M.), we surveyed all of 47 training hospital's current residency traing program in Korea.

Methods : There are 38 training hospitals which fulfilled the inclusion criteria among the 47 residency training hospitals registered to the Korean academic society of family practice as of March 1, 1992. Survey included general characteristics, number of staff, ratio of staff to residents, facilities in F.M. center, out-patient care by resident and preceptorship, academic activities, and curriculi. We classified and compaired them by history of hospital(less than 2 years vs, more than 3 years) and character(non-university vs. university hospital) of residency training hospita.

Results : Among 38 training hospitals, there were 13(34.2%) hospitals with less than 2 years of history, 25(65.8%) hospitals with more than 3 years of histroy. There were 23(60.5%) non-university hospitals, and 15(39.5%) university hospitals. Total number of staff was 56. There were 24(63.2%) hospitals which had only 1 staff member, 11(28.9%) were 2, 2(5.3%) were 3, and 1(2.6%) hospital which were 4. Total number of residents were 378. The number of hospitals whose ratio of staff to residents exceeded 1:6 was 14(36.8%). The percentage of Facilities which had Examining Room Resident Room, Care Room, Conference Room, Conunselling Room Clinical Lab, Record Room and Admission Room in the F.M. center were 97.4%, 84.2%, 57.9%, 57.9%, 26.3%, 23.7%, 18.4% and 55.3% each others. 28(73.7%) of teaching hospitals had outpatient care by residents and 14(36.8%) had preceptorship available. In a 3 year period, hospitals which had at least 150 inhouse conferences and 3 conferences outside the hospital were 26(68.4%). Average months of 3 year curriculum were as follows : Internal Medicaine 6.9, Pediatrics 3.7, General Surgery 3.2, Obstetrics and Gynecology 3.1, Emergency Room 0.8, Family Medicine 5.9 and Essential electives 8.7, Free electives 1.1.

Conclusion : Generally, there were some problems in the family medicine residency programs. most important is the lack of staff members and the lack of outpatient care by residents, especially in non-university hospitals which had les than 2 years history.