Background
Handgrip strength (HGS) is a good predictor of adverse health outcomes in later life. This prospective study aimed to investigate whether HGS trajectory patterns were associated with all-cause mortality among older adults in Korea.
Methods
This study used the database of the 2006–2016 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. Study participants included 3,069 adults aged ≥65 years without a previous history of cancer. The trajectory model was developed to identify different homogeneous trajectory patterns of HGS according to study period. Cox proportional hazards models were then applied to investigate the association between HGS and all-cause mortality.
Results
The survival probability according to HGS during the follow-up period decreased as base HGS weakened. We identified four distinct trajectory groups of HGS among men and three among women. The risk of mortality increased as the HGS of both males and females decreased. Compared with the highest HGS group, the adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality of the lowest, lower-mid, and upper-mid HGS groups among males were 3.46 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.17–6.69), 2.26 (95% CI, 1.47–3.48), and 1.58 (95% CI, 1.07–2.32). Those of the low and mid HGS groups among females were 2.69 (95% CI, 1.39–5.21) and 1.97 (95% CI, 1.05–3.69).
Conclusion
The faster HGS declined over time, the greater the all-cause mortality risk increased compared with the slowly decreasing or maintained HGS groups among men and women. HGS measurement among older adults will be helpful in assessing their health statuses and pre-assessing disease-associated morbidity.

Citations

• Effects of a 16-week high-speed resistance training program on physical and cognitive function in community-dwelling independent older adults: a clinical trial
  Alexandre Duarte Martins, Nuno Batalha, Orlando Fernandes, Bruno Gonçalves, Rafael Oliveira, Joao Paulo Brito
  Sport Sciences for Health.2025; 21(3): 1981.     CrossRef
• Longitudinal trajectories of handgrip strength and their association with motoric cognitive risk syndrome in older adults
  Hui Chang, Yu Zhao
  Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics.2024; 120: 105334.     CrossRef
• Association of absolute and relative hand grip strength with all-cause mortality among middle-aged and old-aged people
  Wonjeong Jeong, Jong Youn Moon, Jae-Hyun Kim
  BMC Geriatrics.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Analysis of the association between osteoporosis and muscle strength in Korean adults: a national cross-sectional study
  Ji-Young Choi, Young-Mo Yang
  Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Grip Strength Measurement in the Right Hand Better Predicts Mortality Regardless of Dominant Hand
  Yun-A Shin, Won-Ho Choi, Jae-Hyun Kim
  Exercise Science.2022; 31(1): 110.     CrossRef
• Longitudinal association of handgrip strength with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in older adults using a causal framework
  Rubén López-Bueno, Lars Louis Andersen, Joaquín Calatayud, José Casaña, Lee Smith, Louis Jacob, Ai Koyanagi, José Francisco López-Gil, Borja del Pozo Cruz
  Experimental Gerontology.2022; 168: 111951.     CrossRef
• Importance of Handgrip Strength as a Health Indicator in the Elderly
  Soo Young Kim
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2021; 42(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Grip Strength as a Cardiometabolic Marker
  Jungun Lee
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2020; 41(5): 271.     CrossRef

Background
Intermittent dosing regimens for oral risedronate (once-monthly and once-weekly) were developed for patient convenience. While several studies have reported the anti-fracture efficacy of weekly dosing, few have assessed monthly dosing. The lower efficacy of monthly dosing has been previously suggested. The aim of this study was to compare the anti-fracture efficacy of monthly and weekly dosing.
Methods
We obtained information from the Korea National Health Insurance Service database from 2012 to 2017 of Korean women of ≥50 years of age who used weekly or monthly risedronate. We compared the time of occurrence of the first osteoporotic fracture after the first prescription of risedronate. Using a Cox proportional model, we assessed incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for fractures at any site, and the hip, vertebral, and non-vertebral sites between both regimens. Propensity score weighting was used to balance the treatment groups.
Results
The study populations were distributed according to dosing frequency (monthly, 27,329; weekly, 47,652). There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of new fractures in any site (IRR, 1.008; 95% CI,0.963– 1.055; P=0.737), hip (IRR, 0.999; 95% CI, 0.769–1.298; P=0.996), vertebral (IRR, 0.962; 95% CI, 0.890–1.040; P=0.330), or non-vertebral (1.022; 95% CI, 0.968–1.078; P=0.439) sites between monthly and weekly risedronate.
Conclusion
The anti-fracture efficacy at any site and the examined individual sites was similar for the monthly and weekly risedronate regimens. Large-scale randomized controlled trials are required for confirmation.