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"Abdominal Fat"

Original Articles
Association between Body Fat and Bone Mineral Density in Normal-Weight Middle-Aged Koreans
Dong-Hyun Kim, Heekyung Lim, Seungbin Chang, Ju-No Kim, Yong-Kyun Roh, Min-Kyu Choi
Korean J Fam Med 2019;40(2):100-105.   Published online November 16, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.17.0082
Background
Osteoporosis and osteopenia are characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk. Although the risk of fractures is higher in underweight people than in overweight people, the accumulation of body fat (especially abdominal fat) can increase the risk of bone loss. This study aimed to evaluate the association between body fat percentage and BMD in normal-weight middle-aged Koreans.
Methods
This study included 1,992 adults (mean age, 48.7 years; 52.9% women). BMD and body fat were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Multiple linear regression analyses and analysis of covariance were used to assess the association between BMD and body fat. Body fat percentage was grouped by cut-off values. The cut-off values were 20.6% and 25.7% for men with a body mass index of 18.5–22.9 kg/m2 , while the cut-off values were 33.4% and 36% for women.
Results
Body fat percentage tended to be negatively associated with BMD. Increased body fat percentage was associated with reduced BMD in normal-weight middle-aged adults. The effects of body fat percentage on BMD in normal-weight individuals were more pronounced in men than in women.
Conclusion
There was a negative correlation between BMD and body fat percentage in middle-aged Korean men and women with normal body weight. This association was stronger in men than in women.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Serum A20 level is associated with bone mineral density in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Dongxu Han, Jingnan Liu, Yu Wang, Hongxia Wang, Lingdan Yuan, Wei Jin, Lige Song
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Bone Health Status and its Association with Body Composition, Physical Activity, and Calcium Intake Among Malaysian University Students in Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
    Fatin Norhasny Leman, Noor Fairuzi Suhana Yahya, Fiona Zi Yi Leong , Norlida Mat Daud
    Malaysian Applied Biology.2025; 54(2): 28.     CrossRef
  • Association between normal-weight obesity and bone mineral density in older Korean adults: A population-based cross-sectional study
    Jeonghyeon Kim, Seamon Kang, Hyunsik Kang
    Maturitas.2024; 180: 107891.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the Relationship between Osteoporosis and Body Fat Mass of the Upper and Lower Extremities by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry
    Numan Salman Dawood, Zainab Sami Abdel Aziz, Haneen Maan Alkhaales
    Al-Rafidain Journal of Medical Sciences ( ISSN 2789-3219 ).2024; 6(1): 34.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the Relationships Between Bone Mineral Density and Anthropometric Measurements in Women with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
    Ayşegül Yaman, Oya Özdemir, Şule Gök, Sevilay Karahan, Yeşim Gökçe Kutsal
    Turkish Journal of Osteoporosis.2024; 30(1): 16.     CrossRef
  • Relationship between Body Composition and Gait Characteristics in Patients with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
    Hongyang Xie, Zhenxi Xia, Cuiqiao Xia, Nan Zhang, Yu Ding, Hongyi Zhao, Yonghua Huang
    Current Neurovascular Research.2024; 21(2): 205.     CrossRef
  • Increased fat mass negatively influences femoral neck bone mineral density in men but not women
    Nipith Charoenngam, Caroline M. Apovian, Chatlert Pongchaiyakul
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Prediction Model for Osteoporosis Risk Using a Machine-Learning Approach and Its Validation in a Large Cohort
    Xuangao Wu, Sunmin Park
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The multiple regulatory effects of white adipose tissue on bone homeostasis
    Xiaohua Liu, Yuxiang Du, Zhonghan Zhao, Jun Zou, Xiaojing Zhang, Lingli Zhang
    Journal of Cellular Physiology.2023; 238(6): 1193.     CrossRef
  • Associations of body mass index, body fat percentage and sarcopenia components with bone health estimated by second-generation high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography in older adults with obesity
    Anoohya Gandham, Jakub Mesinovic, Mavil May Cervo, Costas Glavas, Paul Jansons, Carrie-Anne Ng, Juan Pena Rodriguez, Ayse Zengin, Maxine P. Bonham, Peter R. Ebeling, David Scott
    Experimental Gerontology.2023; 179: 112227.     CrossRef
  • Gender-specific associations between abdominal adipose mass and bone mineral density in the middle-aged US population
    Xueqin Cao, Leilei He, Rong Sun, Siyu Chen
    BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Elevated circulating levels of IL-34 are strongly associated with osteoporosis
    Nader Tarabeih, Adel Shalata, Alexander Kalinkovich, Orabi Higla, Gregory Livshits
    Archives of Osteoporosis.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Associations of Fat Mass and Fat Distribution With Bone Mineral Density in Non-Obese Postmenopausal Chinese Women Over 60 Years Old
    Jingzheng Fan, Yuyan Jiang, Junlian Qiang, Bin Han, Qiang Zhang
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association between body mass index and fragility fracture in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2009 (KNHANES IV)
    Jihan Kim, Sami Lee, Sung Soo Kim, Jong-Pyo Lee, Jong Sung Kim, Jin Gyu Jung, Seok Jun Yoon, Kyu Pil Kim, Chan-Keol Park, Yong-Hwan Kim
    BMC Women's Health.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Determinants of Bone Health Status in a Multi-Ethnic Population in Klang Valley, Malaysia
    Chin Yi Chan, Shaanthana Subramaniam, Norazlina Mohamed, Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana, Norliza Muhammad, Ahmad Fairus, Pei Yuen Ng, Nor Aini Jamil, Noorazah Abd Aziz, Kok-Yong Chin
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(2): 384.     CrossRef
  • Anti-fracture Efficacy of Monthly Risedronate Compared with That of Weekly Risedronate in Postmenopausal Korean Women with Osteoporosis: A Nationwide Cohort Study
    Yong Ho Cho, Kyung Hyun Bae, Dong Ryul Lee, Jungun Lee
    Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2020; 41(5): 339.     CrossRef
  • 8,369 View
  • 104 Download
  • 21 Web of Science
  • 16 Crossref
Background

We studied the association between the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and computed tomography-measured visceral fat as well as cardiovascular risk factors among Korean male adults.

Methods

We measured triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, body mass, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, visceral fat, and subcutaneous fat among 372 Korean men. The visceral fat and subcutaneous fat areas were measured by computed tomography using a single computed tomography slice at the L4-5 lumbar level. We analyzed the association between the triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and visceral fat as well as cardiovascular risk factors.

Results

A positive correlation was found between the triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and variables such as body mass index, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, visceral fat, and the visceral-subcutaneous fat ratio. However, there was no significant correlation between the triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and subcutaneous fat or blood pressure. Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed significant associations between a triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio ≥3 and diabetes, a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2, a waist circumference ≥90 cm, and a visceral fat area ≥100 cm2. The triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio was not significantly associated with hypertension.

Conclusion

There were significant associations between the triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and body mass, waist circumference, diabetes, and visceral fat among a clinical sample of Korean men. In the clinical setting, the triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio may be a simple and useful indicator for visceral obesity and cardiovascular disease.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The impact of serum testosterone level to reflect age-related multi-organ functions
    Tomoya Shirakawa, Julius Fink, Zen-u Hotta, Yosuke Shimada, Yan Lu, Junhua Du, Kazuhito Matsushita, Satoshi Hori, Hisamitsu Ide, Shigeo Horie
    Endocrine Journal.2024; 71(3): 265.     CrossRef
  • Visceral Fat Area and Subcutaneous Fat Area Increase in Hyperthyroidism Patients After Treatment—A Single-Group Repeated-Measures Trial
    Mengnan Li, Xifeng Yang, Ru Li, Baofeng Wu, Jinxuan Hao, Yijie Qi, Tao Bai, Luyang Yang, Yi Zhang, Yunfeng Liu
    Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity.2024; Volume 17: 2165.     CrossRef
  • Prognostic nomograms integrating preoperative serum lipid derivative and systemic inflammatory marker of patients with non-metastatic colorectal cancer undergoing curative resection
    Dimei Huang, Shaochu Zheng, Fang Huang, Jingyu Chen, Yuexiang Zhang, Yusha Chen, Bixun Li
    Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Is non-high-density lipoprotein associated with metabolic syndrome? A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Parham Mardi, Fatemeh Abdi, Amir Ehsani, Ehsan Seif, Shirin Djalalinia, Javad Heshmati, Ehsan Shahrestanaki, Armita Mahdavi Gorabi, Mostafa Qorbani
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factors associated with hypertriglyceridemia among the hill tribe people aged 30 years and over, Thailand: a cross-sectional study
    Panupong Upala, Tawatchai Apidechkul, Chanyanut Wongfu, Siriyaporn Khunthason, Niwed Kullawong, Vivat Keawdounglek, Chalitar Chomchoei, Fartima Yeemard, Ratipark Tamornpark
    BMC Public Health.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Independent association between the visceral adiposity index and microalbuminuria in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes
    Jia Wen, Hong Yuan
    Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Triglyceride to HDL-cholesterol ratio and the incidence risk of type 2 diabetes in community dwelling adults: A longitudinal 12-year analysis of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study
    Tae-Kyeong Lim, Hye Sun Lee, Yong-Jae Lee
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2020; 163: 108150.     CrossRef
  • Association of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio with risk of incident hypertension
    Dechen Liu, Li Guan, Yang Zhao, Yu Liu, Xizhuo Sun, Honghui Li, Zhaoxia Yin, Linlin Li, Yongcheng Ren, Bingyuan Wang, Cheng Cheng, Leilei Liu, Xu Chen, Qionggui Zhou, Quanman Li, Chunmei Guo, Gang Tian, Ming Zhang, Dongsheng Hu, Jie Lu
    Hypertension Research.2020; 43(9): 948.     CrossRef
  • Visceral adiposity index is associated with increased urinary albumin excretion: A population-based study
    Kan Sun, Diaozhu Lin, Feng Li, Yiqin Qi, Wanting Feng, Meng Ren, Li Yan, Dan Liu
    Clinical Nutrition.2019; 38(3): 1332.     CrossRef
  • The correlation between triglyceride to HDL cholesterol ratio and metabolic syndrome, nutrition intake in Korean adults: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016
    Youngjon Kim, A Lum Han
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2019; 52(3): 268.     CrossRef
  • An in-depth prognostic analysis of baseline blood lipids in predicting postoperative colorectal cancer mortality: The FIESTA study
    Feng Peng, Dan Hu, Xiandong Lin, Gang Chen, Binying Liang, Ying Chen, Chao Li, Hejun Zhang, Yan Xia, Jinxiu Lin, Xiongwei Zheng, Wenquan Niu
    Cancer Epidemiology.2018; 52: 148.     CrossRef
  • Prediction of three lipid derivatives for postoperative gastric cancer mortality: the Fujian prospective investigation of cancer (FIESTA) study
    Dan Hu, Feng Peng, Xiandong Lin, Gang Chen, Binying Liang, Ying Chen, Chao Li, Hejun Zhang, Guohui Fan, Guodong Xu, Yan Xia, Jinxiu Lin, Xiongwei Zheng, Wenquan Niu
    BMC Cancer.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Risk for metabolic diseases in normal weight individuals with visceral fat accumulation: a cross-sectional study in Japan
    Yukako Tatsumi, Yoko M Nakao, Izuru Masuda, Aya Higashiyama, Misa Takegami, Kunihiro Nishimura, Makoto Watanabe, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Tomonori Okamura, Yoshihiro Miyamoto
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  • ‘Life in the age of screens’: parent perspectives on a 24‐h no screen‐time challenge
    Sandra Peláez, Stephanie Alexander, Jean‐Baptiste Roberge, Melanie Henderson, Jean‐Luc Bigras, Tracie A. Barnett
    Clinical Obesity.2016; 6(4): 273.     CrossRef
  • Pereskia aculeata Miller Flour: Metabolic Effects and Composition
    Sandra Maria Barbalho, Élen Landgraf Guiguer, Paulo Sérgio Marinelli, Patrícia Cincotto do Santos Bueno, Leticia Maria Pescinini-Salzedas, Mirele Cristine Batista dos Santos, Marie Oshiiwa, Claudemir Gregório Mendes, Manoel Lima de Menezes, Cláudia Cristi
    Journal of Medicinal Food.2016; 19(9): 890.     CrossRef
  • Effects of 8-Year Treatment of Long-Acting Testosterone Undecanoate on Metabolic Parameters, Urinary Symptoms, Bone Mineral Density, and Sexual Function in Men with Late-Onset Hypogonadism
    Sompol Permpongkosol, Kalayanee Khupulsup, Supatra Leelaphiwat, Sarawan Pavavattananusorn, Supranee Thongpradit, Thanom Petchthong
    The Journal of Sexual Medicine.2016; 13(8): 1199.     CrossRef
  • 6,184 View
  • 46 Download
  • 16 Web of Science
  • 16 Crossref
The Association of Abdominal Fat with Serum Insulin and Atherogenic Index for Obese Females.
Ka Young Lee, Hae Sook Sohn, Nam Su Lee, Jung Hee Han, Ki Jung Kim
J Korean Acad Fam Med 2002;23(7):917-924.   Published online July 10, 2002
  • 1,306 View
  • 8 Download
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