Korean Journal of Family Medicine

Sociodemographic determinants and comorbidities associated with polypharmacy among the adult population in Korea: a nationwide claim analysis: Woo-young Shin, Tae-Hwa Go, Jung-ha Kim; Received December 20, 2024 Accepted March 31, 2025 Published online October 28, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.24.0328 [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract
PDF

Background
Polypharmacy poses a growing challenge to healthcare systems because of its association with adverse effects and the misuse of medication. This study aimed to identify the sociodemographic factors and comorbidities associated with polypharmacy.
Methods
We selected patients aged ≥30 years registered in the National Health Information Database in 2018 who were prescribed at least one medication for ≥180 days. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between polypharmacy, sociodemographic characteristics, and comorbidities.
Results
Polypharmacy was significantly associated with increasing age, with the strongest association observed in adults aged ≥65 years. Compared with medical aid recipients, higher-income groups had a weaker association with polypharmacy. After adjusting for covariates, significant associations with polypharmacy were found for specific comorbidities, such as Parkinson disease (odds ratio [OR], 3.804; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.733–3.876; P<0.001) and chronic ischemic heart disease (OR, 3.199; 95% CI, 3.178–3.221; P<0.001).
Conclusion
These findings may help reduce the burden of polypharmacy by facilitating the development of targeted strategies tailored to patients.

118 View
12 Download

Association between sedentary time and anxiety in Korean adults: insights from the 2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: So Hyeon Kim, Gyu Lee Kim, Jeong Gyu Lee, Yu Hyeon Yi, Young Jin Tak, Seung Hun Lee, Young Jin Ra, Sang Yeop Lee, Eun Ju Park, Young Hye Cho, Young In Lee, Jung In Choi, Sae Rom Lee, Ryuk Jun Kwon, Soo Min Son; Received August 30, 2024 Accepted February 21, 2025 Published online September 17, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.24.0219 [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract
PDF

Background
Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior influence the prevalence of anxiety disorders. However, there is a lack of research on how these factors affect Korean adults. Therefore, we conducted a large-scale cohort study to investigate the association of physical activity and sedentary behavior with the development of anxiety disorders.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 5,615 Korean adults aged 19 years and over. This study analyzed data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VIII (2021). Participants were divided into three groups based on sedentary time (minute per day), and anxiety levels were compared using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale.
Results
The odds ratio (OR) for severe generalized anxiety disorder was higher in the longer sedentary time group (≥480 & <660 minutes and ≥660 minutes) than in the lowest sedentary time group (<480 minutes) (≥480 & <660 minutes: OR, 1.004; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.463–2.178; ≥660 minutes: OR, 2.233; 95% CI, 1.385–3.599; P=0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, these correlations remained consistent and statistically significant. Furthermore, subgroup analysis revealed that middle-aged adults, women, high school graduates, individuals living with housemates, and employed individuals had a stronger association with severe anxiety as sitting time increased.
Conclusion
Sitting for more than 11 hours a day is a significant risk factor for the development of severe anxiety. Incorporating regular walking into daily routines and reducing sedentary behaviors could alleviate anxiety in Korean adults.

547 View
13 Download

A cross-sectional study of breakfast skipping and body composition among young adults: Esther Kim, Kyujin Choi, Su-Min Jeong, Hee-Kyung Joh; Received August 29, 2024 Accepted November 15, 2024 Published online February 26, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.24.0217 [Epub ahead of print]

Abstract
PDF

Background
Although breakfast provides essential nutrients and energy, skipping this meal has become increasingly common among young adults in Korea. In this study, we examine the relationship between breakfast consumption and body composition.
Methods
We analyzed data from 17,763 students aged 18–39 at Seoul National University (2018–2022). Participants were categorized based on their breakfast frequency: non-skippers, 1 to 3-day skippers, and 4 to 7-day skippers. Measurements included body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percentage, fat mass index (FMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). Multivariable logistic and linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, alcohol use, smoking, physical activity, sleep, and food consumption frequencies were used.
Results
Obesity (17.4% vs. 14.8%) and abdominal obesity (10.0% vs. 7.8%) were higher in those skipping breakfast 4 to 7 d/wk compared with non-skippers. Skipping breakfast was not significantly associated with abdominal obesity in either sex. In women, the odds of obesity were higher (odds ratio, 1.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.14–2.15; P=0.006), whereas no significant difference was observed in men. Men who skipped breakfast had increased body fat percentage (coefficient, 0.87; P<0.001) and FMI (coefficient, 0.18; P=0.009) and decreased FFMI and SMI. Women showed increased body fat percentage (coefficient, 0.92; P<0.001) and FMI but no significant differences in FFMI or SMI.
Conclusion
Skipping breakfast adversely affects body composition by increasing body fat percentage and FMI. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore the underlying mechanisms.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Cumulative circadian disruption factors and metabolic syndrome
Jungun Lee
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2025; 46(3): 125. CrossRef

5,712 View
95 Download
1 Crossref

Effect of Electronic Cigarettes on the Change of Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence Scores during 1-Year Follow-up: Saksorn Meelarp, Pantitra Singkheaw, Thanin Chattrapiban; Received February 23, 2024 Accepted August 14, 2024 Published online November 13, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.24.0038 [Epub ahead of print]

Background
The use of e-cigarettes is increasing globally, particularly among young adults. Although several use them to quit smoking, their effects are controversial. The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) was used to assess nicotine dependence in the smoking cessation process. This study examined changes in FTND scores among young adults using different types of cigarettes over a 1-year period.
Methods
Prospective cohort data were collected from cigarette users at higher education institutions in the lower northern region of Thailand to analyze changes in FTND scores over a 1-year period. E-cigarette users and combined users were compared with conventional cigarette users. A marginal structural model (MSM) with an inverse probability of weighting (IPW) was used to adjust for time-dependent and time-independent confounders.
Results
Of the 133 participants, 58 were e-cigarette users (43.6%), 33 were combined cigarette users (24.8%), and 42 were conventional cigarette users (31.6%). The results revealed that when both time-dependent and time-independent confounders were adjusted using MSM with IPW, e-cigarette users had a 0.20 decrease in the mean FTND score, and combined users had a 0.47 decrease in the mean FTND score compared to conventional cigarette users. However, the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
The use of e-cigarettes or combined cigarettes did not significantly affect nicotine dependence levels in young adults over a 1-year period. Consequently, e-cigarettes should not be recommended to reduce nicotine dependence among young adult cigarette users. Further studies are required to determine whether e-cigarettes affect smoking cessation rates.

3,227 View
78 Download

Effectiveness of an informal home care support intervention program to reduce loneliness and improve quality of life among lonely community-dwelling older adults: a feasibility study: Ahmad Kousha, Elham Lotfalinezhad, Haidar Nadrian, Karen Andersen-Ranberg, Shannon Freeman, Fatemeh Barati, Hasan Mosazadeh, Mina Hashemiparast, Mohammed Asghari Jafarabadi, Ahmad Sohrabi, Mohammad Reza Honarvar; Korean J Fam Med 2025;46(3):185-194. Published online June 7, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.23.0269

Abstract
PDF

Background
Establishing cost-effective informal care services for lonely older adults living at home in developing countries can be an innovative approach for improving their well-being. This study investigated the effectiveness of an informal home care support intervention program (HoSIP) reducing the loneliness and improving quality of life of lonely community-dwelling older adults.
Methods
This quasi-experimental pre-post study employed a non-randomized control group design with a 12-week intervention period and three follow-up points at the end of the HoSIP. Questionnaires were used to measure feelings of loneliness (20-item UCLA Loneliness Scale), quality of life (Control, Autonomy, Self‐Realization and Pleasure Scale), general health (12-item General Health Questionnaire), social network (six-item Lubben Social Network Scale), social support (12-item Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), and self-care ability (17-item Self-care Ability Scale for the Elderly). Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to gauge the effect of the intervention program over time and in comparison to the control group. Data analyses were performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics software (IBM Corp.).
Results
We found a significant relationship between the outcome variables, including feelings of loneliness (P<0.001) and quality of life (P<0.001), at different stages of measurement. Despite the positive feasibility results, the implementation of the HoSIP faced challenges due to a lack of facilities (e.g., place restriction for holding educational classes, educational facilities like computers, video projector, and whiteboard at daycare center) and the absence of supporting organizations.
Conclusion
Utilizing the existing capabilities of older adults to provide online and face-to-face care services can be a cost-effective way to improve their quality of life and reduce loneliness. The process of facilitating such informal care services for lonely older adults should be managed by either governmental or non-governmental organizations to reduce the rate of social isolation among this vulnerable population.

3,250 View
141 Download

Relationship between social participation and cognitive impairment in low-educated older adults based on Indonesian Family Life Survey-5: Jayanto Nanda Putra, Yuda Turana, Yvonne Suzy Handajani; Korean J Fam Med 2025;46(3):170-175. Published online May 21, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.23.0134

Abstract
PDF

Background
The increasing older adult population requires attention in terms of education and health, as higher education levels contribute to cognitive reserve and may protect against age-related cognitive impairment. Cognitive reserve is an individual’s cognitive flexibility in using cognitive functions affected by brain aging, neurological diseases, and injury. Indonesia has a high prevalence of low-educated older adults, which strongly correlates with progressive cognitive impairment. Identifying risk factors for cognitive decline in this population is crucial. This study determines the factors affecting cognitive impairment in low-educated older adults using cross-sectional data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey-5.
Methods
This descriptive study analyzed 2,313 low-educated older adults ≥60 years old. Univariate and bivariate analyses were used to describe the sample and identify the relationships between categorical variables. Logistic regression identified the most significant factor affecting cognitive impairment.
Results
The prevalence of cognitive impairment in low-educated older adults is 22.6%. The chi-square test revealed significant relationships between those who are aged 75 years, a status other than married, female, living in rural areas, and not participating in social activities. Age is the most prominent factor affecting cognitive impairment in such adults (P<0.001; adjusted odds ratio, 3.232; 95% confidence interval, 2.500–4.180).
Conclusion
Cognitive impairment in the aforementioned adults is associated with being ≥75 years old, being a status other than married, being female, living in rural areas, and not participating in social activities. After controlling other variables, low-educated older adults who participated in at least ≥1 social activity in the last 12 months experienced cognitive impairment 0.64 times compared to those who did not participate in social activities.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Impact of social wellbeing on tooth loss and cognition: A scoping review
Charlotte Cheuk Kwan Chan, Huimin Chen, Colman McGrath, Iven Klineberg, Gloria Hoi Yan Wong, Hui Chen
Journal of Dentistry.2024; 150: 105376. CrossRef

2,932 View
86 Download
1 Crossref

Associations of Alcohol Consumption and Smoking Behaviors with Depressed Mood According to Gender in Korean Young Adults: Jung Won Hwang, Youngmi Eun, Chan-Hee Song; Korean J Fam Med 2023;44(5):274-280. Published online July 7, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.22.0146

Abstract
PDF

Background
Recent studies have reported that chronic mental health problems often emerge in young adulthood. This study elucidated the independent effects of smoking and drinking on depressed mood in young adults by sex.
Methods
We used Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted in 2014, 2016, and 2018. A total of 3,391 participants aged 19–35 years, without serious chronic diseases, were recruited for this study. Depression was evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).
Results
Smoking behavior, current smoking, and number of days smoked were significantly associated with higher PHQ-9 scores in both men and women (all P<0.05). However, past and ever smoking were positively associated with PHQ-9 scores only in women (all P<0.001). Regarding alcohol consumption, the age at which drinking first began was negatively associated with PHQ-9 scores in both men and women (all P<0.001), but the amount of alcohol consumed at 1 time was positively associated with PHQ-9 scores only in women (P=0.013). Men who drank 2–4 times a month and women who had not drunk during the past year had the lowest PHQ-9 scores.
Conclusion
Smoking and alcohol consumption were independently associated with depressed mood in young Korean adults, which was more pronounced in women, and exhibited sex-specific characteristics.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Articles published in Korean Journal of Family Medicine: impact of COVID-19 on study trends
Byung Ho Kong, Jae Kyung Choi, San-Sung Lee, Ji Young Kim
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2025; 46(5): 316. CrossRef
Women’s Health and Primary Care
Seung-Won Oh
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2024; 45(1): 1. CrossRef
Pharmacotherapy guidelines for smoking cessation in primary healthcare clinics
Cheol Min Lee, Yu Jin Paek, Yoo Bin Seo, Eon Sook Lee
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2024; 67(4): 230. CrossRef

4,561 View
111 Download
2 Web of Science
3 Crossref

Dietary Intake and Nutritional Status in Young and Middle-Aged Adults according to the Meal Frequency from the Korea National Health and Nutritional Survey: Junhee Park, Yohwan Yeo, Jun Hyun Yoo; Korean J Fam Med 2022;43(5):319-326. Published online September 20, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.21.0149

Background
Previous studies have shown a close relationship between skipping breakfast and nutritional deficiency. However, the impact of regular eating, including lunch and dinner, has not been studied well. We explored the correlation between regularity and frequency of daily meals and nutritional status.
Methods
We analyzed Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys between 2016 and 2018. A total of 7,725 adults aged 19–49 years were classified into four groups according to the regularity of meal intake: three-meal regular diet (3MRD), two-meal regular diet, one-meal regular diet, and irregular diet (IRD). Food and nutrient intake was assessed using the 24-hour recall method and estimated by a generalized linear model in complex sample weight variables.
Results
In IRD, there were relatively more females who were not married, lived alone, or reported low levels of education. As subjects ate more meals, more people felt thinner and healthier by themselves. Dietary intake of cereal, vegetables, seaweed, and fiber was directly proportional to the number of regular meals as well as essential components such as water, carbohydrates, protein, fat, and micronutrients. Contrarily, alcohol and beverage consumption was inversely proportional to the number of regular meals. Intake level of legumes, fish, fruits, seasonings, milk, oils, sugars, and cholesterol was consistent regardless of meal frequency.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that 3MRD showed nutrient adequacy and a healthier profile on body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, serum fasting glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Eating patterns in Korean adults, 1998–2018: increased energy contribution of ultra-processed foods in main meals and snacks
Sukyoung Jung, Jee Young Kim, Sohyun Park
European Journal of Nutrition.2024; 63(1): 279. CrossRef
Analysis of dietary behavior and intake related to glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes aged 30 years or older in Korea: Utilizing the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019–2021)
Jin-Ah Seok, Yeon-Kyung Lee
Nutrition Research and Practice.2024; 18(2): 239. CrossRef
Guidelines for nutrition counseling in primary healthcare clinics
Gyeongsil Lee, Seung-Won Oh
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2024; 67(4): 278. CrossRef
A national cross-sectional study on breakfast skipping-related factors and comparison of nutritional status according to breakfast skipping in older adults based on the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2020)
Anna Han, Yean Jung Choi
The Journal of nutrition, health and aging.2024; 28(9): 100335. CrossRef
The Association between Personality Factors and Metabolic Parameters among Patients with Non-Alcoholic-Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—A Cross-Sectional Study
Marcin Kosmalski, Rafał Frankowski, Monika Różycka-Kosmalska, Kasper Sipowicz, Tadeusz Pietras, Łukasz Mokros
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(13): 4468. CrossRef
Nutrition fact label (NFL) use is related to meeting the requirements for vitamins and minerals not listed on NFLs: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey VIII (2019–2021) for the prepandemic and pandemic periods
Jung Min Cho, Niravkumar Joshi
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(12): e0296268. CrossRef
Association between Prediabetes and Meal Patterns Related to Meal Sharing among Korean Young Adults: Eighth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2019–2020
Saebom Kim, Sehee Kim, Youngmin Kim, Seonmi Seo, Yu Jin Chung, Sam Cheol Kim
Korean Journal of Family Practice.2023; 13(3): 179. CrossRef
Meal Frequency, Metabolic Health, and Social Norms
Young Gyu Cho
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2022; 43(5): 275. CrossRef

5,967 View
115 Download
7 Web of Science
8 Crossref

Association between Relative Handgrip Strength and Insulin Resistance in Korean Elderly Men without Diabetes: Findings of the 2015 Korea National Health Nutrition Examination Survey: Kwang-Chae Joo, Da-Hye Son, Jae-Min Park; Korean J Fam Med 2022;43(3):199-205. Published online May 20, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.21.0138

Abstract
PDF

Background
Evidence regarding the association between handgrip strength (HGS) and insulin resistance in a non-diabetic population is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the association between relative HGS and insulin resistance in older men without diabetes, using a representative sample of the Korean male population.
Methods
The study population comprised 206 participants aged 65–80 years, selected from the 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Insulin resistance was defined as the upper tertile of the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for insulin resistance were assessed using multiple logistic regression analyses after adjusting for confounding variables.
Results
The prevalence of insulin resistance decreased with increasing relative HGS. The prevalence in the T1, T2, and T3 groups was 46.0%, 32.2%, and 26.4%, respectively. Compared with the individuals in the highest tertile of relative HGS, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for insulin resistance in individuals in the lowest quartile was 2.82 (1.10–7.21) after adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol consumption, aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, residential area, household income, and education level.
Conclusion
Lower relative HGS was inversely associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance in older Korean men without diabetes. In clinical practice, relative HGS, which is a simple and inexpensive tool, could be a useful measure for identifying older men with insulin resistance. Moreover, these findings suggest that muscle strengthening exercises should be considered to reduce insulin resistance and increase insulin sensitivity.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Analysis of Handgrip Strength with Insulin Resistance in Male and Female Indonesian Adults
Liong Boy Kurniawan, Sabilla Sheridan, Andi Wali Syafaat, Andi Ainun Zulkiah Surur, Naurah Nadhifah, Ichlas Nanang Afandi, Andi Ariyandy, Muhammad Iqbal Basri, Aminuddin Aminuddin
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY.2025; 31(2): 145. CrossRef
Guidelines for physical activity counseling in primary healthcare clinics
Yun Jun Yang
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2024; 67(4): 265. CrossRef
Dietary patterns and the risk of diabetes in Korean adults: A cross-sectional and prospective cohort study
Jiyoung Hwang, Hyesook Kim, Oran Kwon
Nutrition.2024; 125: 112491. CrossRef
Correlation between low handgrip strength and metabolic syndrome in older adults: a systematic review
Joana da Costa d'Avila, Talel Georges Moreira El Nabbout, Hayfa Georges Moreira El Nabbout, Aline dos Santos Silva, Antonio Carlos Barbosa Ramos, Eliana Rosa da Fonseca, Aluana Santana Carlos, Rodrigo de Azeredo Siqueira
Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Handgrip strength in type 2 diabetics and nondiabetics: A comparative cross-sectional study among adults in rural Mysore
Deepak ANIL, M. RAKESH, Shabeena AKBAR, Vijaylakshmi Rao VADAGA, D. Sunil KUMAR
Journal of Integrative Nursing.2024; 6(3): 150. CrossRef
Association of relative handgrip strength on the development of diabetes mellitus in elderly Koreans
Yeo Ju Sohn, Hong Soo Lee, Hasuk Bae, Hee Cheol Kang, Hyejin Chun, Insun Ryou, Eun Jee Chang, Sungchan Kang, Sang Wha Lee, Kyung Won Shim, Mario Ulises Pérez-Zepeda
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(10): e0309558. CrossRef
Association between handgrip strength and mortality risk among cardiovascular disease patients: A cohort study from the NHANES 2011–2014
Zhengjie Qin, Youhua Guo, Weilin Yang, Zhuoran Kuang, Guoming Li
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Sarcopenia and osteosarcopenia among patients undergoing hemodialysis
Ting Xiang, Ping Fu, Li Zhou
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Relationships of neck circumference and abdominal obesity with insulin resistance considering relative handgrip strength in middle-aged and older individuals
Kayoung Lee
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics.2023; 114: 105097. CrossRef

6,761 View
119 Download
6 Web of Science
9 Crossref

Milk Consumption and Bone Mineral Density in Adults: Using Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2011: Ji Soo Kim, Seung-Won Oh, Jiwoo Kim; Korean J Fam Med 2021;42(4):327-333. Published online July 20, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.20.0182

Abstract
PDF

Background
Milk consumption is associated with bone mineral density (BMD), but reports are limited in terms of participant age, sex, and number of study subjects. We investigated the association between milk consumption and BMD in South Korean adults (≥20 years).
Methods
We analyzed men and women aged ≥20 years who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008–2011. We used linear regression to calculate the mean BMD and 95% confidence interval (CI) based on the frequency of milk consumption. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CI for T-scores ≤-2.5 (osteoporosis) in both men aged ≥50 years and postmenopausal women.
Results
In total 8,539 subjects were studied. Drinking milk more than once a day was associated with higher BMD in the total femur and femoral neck in men aged <50 years and lumbar spine in men aged ≥50 years, compared to less than once a week. It was also associated with lower ORs for osteoporosis of the femoral neck and lumbar spine in men aged ≥50 years (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.125–0.979 and OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.143–0.804, respectively). In postmenopausal women who consumed milk 2–6 times weekly, higher BMD and lower OR for osteoporosis were observed in the total femur (OR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.055–0.958).
Conclusion
This study suggests that frequent milk consumption could potentially reduce osteoporosis incidence in South Korean adults. Further prospective study is necessary to elucidate the effect of milk consumption on BMD.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Dietary riboflavin (vitamin B2) intake and osteoporosis in U.S. female adults: unveiling of association and exploration of potential molecular mechanisms
QianKun Yang, Li Zhang, Dong Sun, Shen Jie, XiaoLiang Tao, Qing Meng, Fei Luo
Nutrition Journal.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Is it advisable for Asians to drink milk, especially those at risk of osteoporosis?
Hao-tian Jiao, Yu-Shan Yue, Shuai Yuan, Xiao-jie Zhou, Chong Li
Frontiers in Nutrition.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Graphene-based biosensors in milk analysis: A review of recent developments
Sule Bayrak, Hazal Gergeroglu
Food Chemistry.2024; 440: 138257. CrossRef
New insights into dairy management and the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis: The shift from single nutrient to dairy matrix effects—A review
Kaili Wang, Xu Zhao, Sijia Yang, Xiaoxi Qi, Aili Li, Wei Yu
Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Does Changing the Ratio of Dietary Sodium-to-Potassium Intake Affect Bone Mineral Density?
Soo Young Kim
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2023; 44(1): 1. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Association between Amount and Type of Milk Consumption and Periodontitis: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016–2018)
Eun Jeong Min, Siseong Jeong, Jun-Beom Park
Nutrients.2023; 15(4): 914. CrossRef

5,604 View
130 Download
6 Web of Science
6 Crossref

Associations between Living Alone and Smoking and Alcohol Consumption in Korean Adults: Sang-Woo Lee, Byoungduck Han, Sung Jung Cho, Seung Jin Jung, Youn Huh, Junghun Kim, Do Hyun Eum, Taeryoon Kim, Soon-Hong Min, Woohyun Lee, Jinhee Cho, Min Hee Kwon, Ga Eun Nam; Korean J Fam Med 2020;41(5):306-311. Published online May 26, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.18.0148

Abstract
PDF

Background
Recently, single-person households have increased in Korea and this trend may have potential public health implications and affect various health behaviors. This study investigated the associations between living alone and health behaviors such as smoking and alcohol consumption among Korean adults.
Methods
We used data from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2013 and 2015 and a total of 17,088 adults were included. We performed a multivariable logistic regression analysis and calculated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
Single-person households accounted for about 10% of the total participants. The proportions of currently smoking and heavy alcohol consumption were higher among individuals living alone than those living together among younger women and middle-aged and elderly men and women. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, living alone was associated with increased odds of currently smoking compared to living together among middle-aged men and women (OR, 7.37; 95% CI, 2.33–23.32 in men and OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.04–5.36 in women) after adjusting for confounding variables.
Conclusion
From this nationwide, population-based study, we found that living alone is associated with increased odds of currently smoking, especially in middle-aged people. Public health concerns may be warranted for middle-aged single-person households to reduce health risks related to smoking.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Alcohol in isolation: Understanding single-person household drinking patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic in Seoul
Nan-He Yoon, Dong Ha Kim, Seunghyun Yoo
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2025; 42(3): 35. CrossRef
Associations of social isolation with sleep duration and sleep quality in the elderly: Mediating influence of depression
Hong-Ying Yang, Lian Li, Lu-Jie Yu, Guo-Lin Bian
World Journal of Psychiatry.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Early-term heterogeneous trajectories of patient-reported outcome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a multicenter and prospective longitudinal study
Jinbo Zhao, Yongchao Hou, Yuan Chu, Min He, Renting Xie, Hui Liu, Yahui Wang, Li Li
European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing.2025; 24(6): 936. CrossRef
Community Health Perspectives on Middle-aged Adults Living Alone: A Scoping Review
Jaehee Yoon, Hyun-Ju Seo, Youjin Jung, Eun Jung Bae, Joohyun Chung, Sangsuk Kim, Heesook Son
Journal of Community Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Longitudinal Associations between Living Alone and Mental Health and Mortality in Ageing Adults in South Africa
Supa Pengpid, Karl Peltzer
Ageing International.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Living alone and cancer mortality by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status among US working‐age adults
Hyunjung Lee, Gopal K. Singh, Ahmedin Jemal, Farhad Islami
Cancer.2024; 130(1): 86. CrossRef
Association between living alone and all-cause mortality of young and middle-aged patients with acute myocardial infarction: analysis of the China Acute Myocardial Infarction (CAMI) registry
Yu Jiang, Jin-Gang Yang, Hai-Yan Qian, Yue-Jin Yang
BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Smaller household size and higher prevalence of serious psychological distress in younger people and never-married people: a nationwide cross-sectional survey in Japan
Kimiko Tomioka, Midori Shima, Keigo Saeki
Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Longitudinal associations between living alone, childlessness and mental health and mortality in ageing adults in Thailand
Supa Pengpid, Karl Peltzer, Dararatt Anantanasuwong, Wasin Kaewchankha
Global Transitions.2024; 6: 145. CrossRef
The influencing factors of health status among low-income individuals living alone in Wuxi, China
Shiming Li, Yue Wu, Queping Yang, Ying Jiang, Haohao Zhu
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Стресові стани українців, які проживають соло, під час війни
Дар’я Яшкіна
Sociological Studios.2024; (2(25)): 34. CrossRef
Determinants of Problem Drinking by Regional Variation among Adult Males in Single-Person Households: Geographically Weighted Regression Model Analysis
Junggeun Ahn, Heeseung Choi, Jiu Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(1): 101. CrossRef
Six-year mortality associated with living alone and loneliness in Swedish men and women born in 1930
Masuma Novak, Margda Waern, Lena Johansson, Anna Zettergren, Lina Ryden, Hanna Wetterberg, Therese Rydberg Sterner, Madeleine Mellqvist Fässberg, Pia Gudmundsson, Ingmar Skoog
BMC Geriatrics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Association between Increasing Social Capital and Decreasing Prevalence of Smoking at the Municipality Level: Repeated Cross-Sectional Study from the JAGES
Hiroki Takeuchi, Kazushige Ide, Ryota Watanabe, Yasuhiro Miyaguni, Katsunori Kondo
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(8): 4472. CrossRef
Living Alone Is Not Associated With Cardiovascular Events and Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Zhaowei Zhu, Zhenyu Peng, Zhenhua Xing
Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Living alone and all-cause mortality in community-dwelling adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Yunli Zhao, Gordon Guyatt, Ya Gao, Qiukui Hao, Ream Abdullah, John Basmaji, Farid Foroutan
eClinicalMedicine.2022; 54: 101677. CrossRef
Current status of health promotion in Korea
Soo Young Kim
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2022; 65(12): 776. CrossRef

6,713 View
109 Download
15 Web of Science
17 Crossref

Association of Geriatric Syndromes with Urinary Incontinence according to Sex and Urinary-Incontinence–Related Quality of Life in Older Inpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study of an Acute Care Hospital: Kyoung Jin Kim, Jinyoung Shin, Jaekyung Choi, Jae-Min Park, Hyoung Keun Park, Jongmin Lee, Seol-Heui Han; Korean J Fam Med 2019;40(4):235-240. Published online July 20, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.18.0011

Abstract
PDF

Background
Geriatric syndromes are associated with morbidity and poor quality of life (QOL). Urinary incontinence (UI) is one of the most prevalent geriatric syndromes. However, there is little research on the association of UI and UI-related QOL with other geriatric syndromes. We investigated the relationship between geriatric syndromes and UI according to gender and UI-related QOL among older inpatients.
Methods
This study was conducted among 444 older inpatients (aged 65 years and older) between October 2016 and July 2017. We examined geriatric syndromes and related factors involving cognitive impairment, delirium, depression, mobility decline, polypharmacy, undernutrition, pain, and fecal incontinence. UI-related QOL was assessed using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate these associations.
Results
Geriatric syndromes and related factors were associated with UI. Mobility decline (odds ratio [OR], 4.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.29–7.56), polypharmacy (OR, 3.35; 95% CI, 1.89–5.92), and pain (OR, 6.80; 95% CI, 3.53–13.09) were related to UI in both genders. Especially, delirium (OR, 7.55; 95% CI, 1.61–35.44) and fecal incontinence (OR, 10.15; 95% CI, 2.50–41.17) were associated with UI in men, while cognitive impairment (OR, 4.19; 95% CI, 1.14–15.44) was significantly associated with UI in women. Patients with depression were more likely to have poor UI-related QOL (OR, 8.54; 95% CI, 1.43–51.15).
Conclusion
UI was associated with different geriatric syndromes and related factors according to gender. Care for patients with depression, related to poor UI-related QOL, should be considered in primary care to improve the UI-related QOL of these individuals.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

SCREENING FOR SARCOPENIA IN OLDER ADULTS LIVING IN KIRIKKALE PROVINCE: A PILOT STUDY
Şeyma Akdağli, Meral Sertel
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi.2025; 27(1): 14. CrossRef
Impact of Polypharmacy and Risk Factors for Exacerbation of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Patients with Urological Conditions: A Retrospective Study in a Japanese Municipal Hospital
Shunsuke Yoshizawa, Tomoya Tachi, Yuta Takahashi, Satoshi Aoyama, Yoshihiro Noguchi, Kazuhide Tanaka, Masahiro Yasuda, Takashi Mizui, Hisao Komeda, Tomoaki Yoshimura, Hitomi Teramachi
Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin.2024; 47(4): 818. CrossRef
PREVALÊNCIA DA POLIFARMÁCIA ASSOCIADA A FUNCIONALIDADE EM PESSOAS IDOSAS HOSPITALIZADAS
Danielle Bordin, Laurieli Pereira de Oliveira, Lara Simone Messias Floriano, Carla Luiza Da Silva, Everson Augusto Krum, Clóris Regina Blanski Grden
Revista Enfermagem Atual In Derme.2024; 98(3): e024347. CrossRef
Prevalence of urinary incontinence and its associated predictor and Self-care behavior among the elderly females in Chaiyaphum Province, Thailand: Cross-sectional study
Patchareepon Chompoowisate, Sumattana Glangkarn, Chaloemporn Namyota
Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Identification of Factors Affecting the Increased Percentage of CGA Recommendations among Patients on Geriatric Ward
Justyna Gołębiowska, Małgorzata Szymala-Pędzik, Joanna Żórawska, Małgorzata Sobieszczańska, Siddarth Agrawal
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(3): 2065. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Urinary Incontinence-related Quality of Life in Geriatric Patients: An observational Cross-Sectional Study in a Tertiary Hospital Urology Clinic in Turkey
Reha Girgin, Engin Denizhan Demirkıran
Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine.2022; 4(4): 177. CrossRef
The effect of incontinence on depression among older adults: a longitudinal study in China
Y. Zhang
Public Health.2022; 212: 58. CrossRef
Urinary incontinence and related quality of life among elderly women in Tabas, South Khorasan, Iran
Zahra Najafi, Mohammad Ali Morowatisharifabad, Sara Jambarsang, Hassan Rezaeipandari, Roya Hemayati
BMC Urology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Urinary incontinence and the association with depression, stress, and self-esteem in older Korean Women
Hoo-yeon Lee, Yumie Rhee, Kui Son Choi
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence of sarcopenia in older women with pelvic floor dysfunction
Rávida R.L. Silva, Janaína F.V. Coutinho, Camila T.M. Vasconcelos, José Ananias Vasconcelos Neto, Rachel Gabriel B. Barbosa, Marília B. Marques, Dayana M. Saboia, Juliana C. Maia
European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology.2021; 263: 159. CrossRef
Kontinenz und Mobilität – zwei Seiten einer Medaille?
Sigrid Ege
DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift.2021; 146(15): 959. CrossRef
An Exergame Solution for Personalized Multicomponent Training in Older Adults
Vânia Guimarães, Elsa Oliveira, Alberto Carvalho, Nuno Cardoso, Johannes Emerich, Chantale Dumoulin, Nathalie Swinnen, Jacqueline De Jong, Eling D. de Bruin
Applied Sciences.2021; 11(17): 7986. CrossRef
The prevalence and risk factors for urinary incontinence among inpatients, a multicenter study from Turkey
Sumru Savas, Bülent Saka, Sibel Akın, Ilker Tasci, Pinar Tosun Tasar, Asli Tufan, Hakan Yavuzer, Cafer Balci, Gülbüz Sezgin, Mehmet Akif Karan, Fatma Ozge Kayhan Kocak, Zeynel Abidin Ozturk, Murat Varli, Deniz Suna Erdinçler, Mert Esme, Selim Nalbant, Mus
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics.2020; 90: 104122. CrossRef
Possible relationship between prescription medications and urinary dysfunction in elderly home health care patients
Sayaka Miyazaki, Shizuo Yamada, Sadanori Higashino, Yoriko Watanabe, Katsuyoshi Mizukami
Nippon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Geriatrics.2019; 56(3): 301. CrossRef

8,994 View
152 Download
12 Web of Science
14 Crossref

Influence of Offspring on Self-Rated Health among Older Adults: Evidence from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (2006–2012): Jae-Hyun Kim, Eun-Cheol Park, Yunhwan Lee, Sang Gyu Lee; Korean J Fam Med 2018;39(3):191-199. Published online May 18, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2018.39.3.191

Abstract
PDF

Background
We investigated whether offspring protect or jeopardize in parents.
Methods
We used data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging and performed a longitudinal analysis of 10,236 individuals at baseline (2006) to estimate the association between offspring-related factors and self-rated health among individuals ≥45 years of age.
Results
The estimate for self-rated health was 0.612 times lower (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.503–0.746; P<0.0001) for those with zero offspring. The estimate for self-rated health was 0.736 (95% CI, 0.635–0.853; P<0.0001) for those with five offspring or more. The estimate for self-rated health was 0.707 (95% CI, 0.528–0.947; P=0.020) for males with zero offspring. The estimate for self-rated health was 0.563 (95% CI, 0.422–0.751; P<0.001) for females with no offspring and for females with five or more offspring. The estimate for self-rated health was 0.686 times lower (95% CI, 0.573–0.822; P<0.0001) for those with five or more offspring compared to females with two offspring.
Conclusion
Those with more offspring (≥5) and those with no offspring tended to have an increased probability of low self-rated health. Overall, our results suggest that offspring have a significant positive effect on self-rated health, which was evident graphically as an inverted U-shape.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Sleep problems, pain interference, and global subjective health outcome: Findings from a representative aging study in Ghana
Razak M. Gyasi, Emmanuel Konadu, Priscilla Appiah, Desmond Agyei, Emmanuel Nyaaba, Michael Kwadwo Ntiamoah, Hubert Bimpeh Asiedu, Elizabeth Nana Mbrah Koomson-Yalley, Margaret Makafui Tayviah, Jones Opoku-Ware, André Hajek
Geriatric Nursing.2025; 61: 73. CrossRef
Associations between vigorous physical activity, social ties, social support, and self-reported health among older adults in Accra, Ghana
Nestor Asiamah, Kyriakos Kouveliotis, Richard Eduafo, Richard Borkey, Zulkarnain Jaafar
PLOS Global Public Health.2023; 3(2): e0001582. CrossRef
KLoSA—Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging
Jungun Lee
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2020; 41(1): 1. CrossRef
Association of employment status and income with self-rated health among waged workers with disabilities in South Korea: population-based panel study
Jae Woo Choi, Juyeong Kim, Euna Han, Tae Hyun Kim
BMJ Open.2019; 9(11): e032174. CrossRef

6,652 View
70 Download
6 Web of Science
4 Crossref

Association between Physical Activity and Depressive Mood among Korean Adults with Chronic Diseases: Seon-Young Park, Kiheon Lee, Yoo Jin Um, Suekyoung Paek, In Sun Ryou; Korean J Fam Med 2018;39(3):185-190. Published online May 18, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2018.39.3.185

Abstract
PDF

Background
This study aimed to investigate the association between physical activity and depressive mood among Korean adults with chronic diseases.
Methods
This study analyzed the 2014 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. The study was restricted to participants aged ≥20 years who had completed the survey and were not diagnosed as having depression. After exclusion, 4,676 participants were included in the final analysis. Subjects were categorized according to their level of physical activity. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Patients were categorized into two groups according to depressive traits (normal and depressed) based on the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire scores.
Results
In univariate analysis, significant associations were observed between the level of physical activity and depressive mood in both chronic and healthy groups. Participants with higher levels of physical activity had lower risks of depressive mood than those with lower levels of physical activity, especially patients with chronic diseases (odds ratio [OR], 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31–0.73). Similar trends were observed in multivariate logistic regression analysis (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.34–0.88).
Conclusion
Physical activity significantly decreased the development of depressive mood among Korean adults with chronic diseases compared with their healthy counterparts. Physical activity must be emphasized in patients with chronic diseases.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Outdoor Exercise for People with Rheumatic Disease–Study Protocol and Baseline Characteristics of the OUTdoor Physical ACtivity Cohort (OUTPAC)
Jonas R. Ahler, Lars H. Tang, Dorthe V. Poulsen, Søren T. Skou, Pætur M. Holm
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2025; 22(1): 92. CrossRef
The Mediating Effect of Physical Activity on the Relationship between Depression and Health-related Quality of Life among Patients with Hypertension and Diabetes in Seoul
In-Young Yoo
Journal of The Korean Society of Living Environmental System.2025; 32(2): 179. CrossRef
Benefits and harms of structured outdoor physical activity for people with somatic or mental diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Jonas R. Ahler, Henriette Busk, Pætur M. Holm, Alessio Bricca, Dorthe V. Poulsen, Søren T. Skou, Lars H. Tang
Preventive Medicine.2024; 183: 107966. CrossRef
Is COVID-19 induced reductions in the level of physical activity associated with increased depressive symptoms in patients with hypertension?
Yeong Jun Ju, Woorim Kim, Soon Young Lee
Journal of Psychosomatic Research.2023; 166: 111160. CrossRef
Gender Difference of the Association between Energy Intake Expenditure Balance and Depression among Korean Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study from the 2014, 2016, and 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Eunho Lee, Ha Jin Kim, Jusam Hwang, Minseon Park
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2023; 44(6): 319. CrossRef

8,947 View
105 Download
4 Web of Science
5 Crossref

A Diagnosis to Consider in an Adult Patient with Facial Features and Intellectual Disability: Williams Syndrome: Özlem Akgün Doğan, Pelin Özlem Şimşek Kiper, Gülen Eda Utine, Mehmet Alikaşifoğlu, Koray Boduroğlu; Korean J Fam Med 2017;38(2):102-105. Published online March 22, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2017.38.2.102

Abstract
PDF

Williams syndrome (OMIM #194050) is a rare, well-recognized, multisystemic genetic condition affecting approximately 1/7,500 individuals. There are no marked regional differences in the incidence of Williams syndrome. The syndrome is caused by a hemizygous deletion of approximately 28 genes, including ELN on chromosome 7q11.2. Prenatal-onset growth retardation, distinct facial appearance, cardiovascular abnormalities, and unique hypersocial behavior are among the most common clinical features. Here, we report the case of a patient referred to us with distinct facial features and intellectual disability, who was diagnosed with Williams syndrome at the age of 37 years. Our aim is to increase awareness regarding the diagnostic features and complications of this recognizable syndrome among adult health care providers. Williams syndrome is usually diagnosed during infancy or childhood, but in the absence of classical findings, such as cardiovascular anomalies, hypercalcemia, and cognitive impairment, the diagnosis could be delayed. Due to the multisystemic and progressive nature of the syndrome, accurate diagnosis is critical for appropriate care and screening for the associated morbidities that may affect the patient's health and well-being.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Williams–Beuren syndrome: a complete guide for oral healthcare
Pavan Manohar Patil, Seema Pavan Patil
Journal of Oral Medicine and Oral Surgery.2021; 27(2): 21. CrossRef

4,967 View
24 Download
1 Crossref

Association between Physical Activity Levels and Physical Symptoms or Illness among University Students in Korea: Sang-Hyun Ahn, Yoo-Jin Um, Young-Ju Kim, Hyun-Joo Kim, Seung-Won Oh, Cheol Min Lee, Hyuktae Kwon, Hee-Kyung Joh; Korean J Fam Med 2016;37(5):279-286. Published online September 21, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2016.37.5.279

Abstract
PDF

Background

Low levels of physical activity can cause various physical symptoms or illness. However, few studies on this association have been conducted in young adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between physical activity levels and physical symptoms or illness in young adults.

Methods

Subjects were university students who participated in a web-based self-administered questionnaire in a university in Seoul in 2013. We obtained information on physical activities and physical symptoms or illness in the past year. Independent variables were defined as symptoms or illness which were associated with decreased academic performance. Logistic regression was performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of each physical symptom or illness with adjustment for covariables.

Results

A total of 2,201 participants were included in the study. The main physical symptoms or illness among participants were severe fatigue (64.2%), muscle or joint pain (46.3%), gastrointestinal problems (43.1%), headache or dizziness (38.6%), frequent colds (35.1%), and sleep problems (33.3%). Low physical activity levels were significantly associated with high ORs of physical symptoms or illness. Multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) in the lowest vs. highest tertile of physical activity were 1.45 (1.14–1.83) for severe fatigue, 1.35 (1.07–1.70) for frequent colds, and 1.29 (1.02–1.63) for headaches or dizziness. We also found that lower levels of physical activity were associated with more physical symptoms or bouts of illness.

Conclusion

Low physical activity levels were significantly associated with various physical symptoms or illness among university students. Also, individuals in the lower levels of physical activity were more likely to experience more physical symptoms or bouts of illness than those in the highest tertile of physical activity.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression among Adults Suffering from Migraine in Spain
Jesús Cebrino, Silvia Portero de la Cruz
Brain Sciences.2023; 13(12): 1630. CrossRef
Food Choice Motives, Physical Activity Level and Body Mass Index Status Among Undergraduates Students: A Cross-sectional Study
Sharina Barkiah Muhamad Azhar, Divya Vanoh, Keerthana Sree Ganggaya
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2023; 19(6): 151. CrossRef
Effects of a Lifestyle Intervention on Health-Promoting Behavior, Psychological Distress and Reproductive Health of Overweight and Obese Female College Students
Ju-Hee Nho, Soo-Wan Chae
Healthcare.2021; 9(3): 309. CrossRef
Eating Speed, Physical Activity, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness Are Independent Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean University Students
Minjeong Kang, Mingyu Joo, Haeryun Hong, Hyunsik Kang
Nutrients.2021; 13(7): 2420. CrossRef
Pain Prevalence, Management and Interference Among University Students in South Korea: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study
Hee Jun Kim, Sunjoo Boo, Timothy J Meeker
Journal of Pain Research.2021; Volume 14: 2423. CrossRef
Physical Activity and Physical Fitness among University Students—A Systematic Review
Vidran Kljajević, Mima Stanković, Dušan Đorđević, Drena Trkulja-Petković, Rade Jovanović, Kristian Plazibat, Mario Oršolić, Mijo Čurić, Goran Sporiš
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 19(1): 158. CrossRef
Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Migraine as a Function of Headache Activity
Daniel G. Rogers, Dale S. Bond, John P. Bentley, Todd A. Smitherman
Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain.2020; 60(9): 1930. CrossRef
Stress, Emotional Intelligence and the Intention to Use Cannabis in Spanish Adolescents: Influence of COVID-19 Confinement
Cristina Liébana-Presa, María Cristina Martínez-Fernández, José Alberto Benítez-Andrades, Elena Fernández-Martínez, Pilar Marqués-Sánchez, Isaías García-Rodríguez
Frontiers in Psychology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Analysis of Motivational Climate, Emotional Intelligence, and Healthy Habits in Physical Education Teachers of the Future Using Structural Equations
Gabriel González-Valero, Félix Zurita-Ortega, Ramón Chacón-Cuberos, Pilar Puertas-Molero
Sustainability.2019; 11(13): 3740. CrossRef
Gender Differences and Relationships among Lifestyle and Reproductive Health in University Students
Ju-Hee Nho, Hee Sun Kim
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2019; 25(4): 446. CrossRef
Physical Activity-Related Injury and Its Associated Factors among Middle School Students in Southern China
Weicong Cai, Yang Gao, Wenda Yang, Fuyuan Cheng, Dongchun Tang, Liping Li
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2018; 15(6): 1244. CrossRef
Country and Gender-Specific Achievement of Healthy Nutrition and Physical Activity Guidelines: Latent Class Analysis of 6266 University Students in Egypt, Libya, and Palestine
Walid El Ansari, Gabriele Berg-Beckhoff
Nutrients.2017; 9(7): 738. CrossRef

6,727 View
54 Download
12 Web of Science
12 Crossref

Inter-arm Differences in Simultaneous Blood Pressure Measurements in Ambulatory Patients without Cardiovascular Diseases: Kyoung Bog Kim, Mi Kyeong Oh, Haa Gyoung Kim, Ji Hoon Ki, Soo Hee Lee, Su Min Kim; Korean J Fam Med 2013;34(2):98-106. Published online March 20, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2013.34.2.98

Abstract
PDF

Background

It has traditionally been known that there is normally a difference in blood pressure (BP) between the two arms; there is at least 20 mm Hg difference in the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 10 mm Hg difference in the diastolic blood pressure (DBP). However, recent epidemiologic studies have shown that there are between-arm differences of < 5 mm Hg in simultaneous BP measurements. The purposes of this study is to examine whether there are between-arm differences in simultaneous BP measurements obtained from ambulatory patients without cardiovascular diseases and to identify the factors associated these differences.

Methods

We examined 464 patients who visited the outpatient clinic of Gangneung Asan Hospital clinical department. For the current analysis, we excluded patients with ischemic heart disease, stroke, arrhythmia, congestive heart failure, or hyperthyroidism. Simultaneous BP measurements were obtained using the Omron MX3 BP monitor in both arms. The inter-arm difference (IAD) in BP was expressed as the relative difference (right-arm BP [R] minus left-arm BP [L]: R - L) and the absolute difference (|R - L|).

Results

The mean absolute IAD in SBP and DBP were 3.19 ± 2.38 and 2.41 ± 1.59 mm Hg, respectively, in men and 2.61 ± 2.18 and 2.25 ± 2.01 mm Hg, respectively, in women. In men, there were 83.8% of patients with the IAD in SBP of ≤ 6 mm Hg, 98.1% with the IAD in SBP of ≤ 10 mm Hg, 96.5% with the IAD in DBP of ≤ 6 mm Hg and 0% with the IAD in DBP of > 10 mm Hg. In women, 89.6% of patients had IAD in SBP of ≤ 6 mm Hg, 92.1% with IAD in DBP of ≤ 6 mm Hg, and 0% with IAD in SBP of > 10 mm Hg or IAD in DBP of > 10 mm Hg. Gangneung Asan Hospital clinical series of patients showed that the absolute IAD in SBP had a significant correlation with cardiovascular risk factors such as the 10-year Framingham cardiac risk scores and higher BP in men and higher BP in women. However, the absolute IAD in SBP and DBP had no significant correlation with the age, obesity, smoking, drinking, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and renal function.

Conclusion

Our results showed that there were no significant between-arm differences in simultaneous BP measurements. It was also shown that most of the ambulatory patients without cardiovascular diseases had an IAD in SBP of < 10 mm Hg and an IAD in DBP of < 6 mm Hg.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Unilateral Exercise and Bilateral Vascular Health in Female Tennis Players and Active Controls
Chanhtel E. Thongphok, Abena O. Gyampo, Elisa Fioraso, Anneli O. Ramolins, Elianna G. Hills, Claire E. Coates, Stephen J. Ives
Sports.2025; 13(4): 107. CrossRef
Simultaneously measured inter-arm blood pressure difference is not associated with pulse wave velocity in a clinical dataset of at-risk hypertensive patients
Janis M. Nolde, Leslie Marisol Lugo-Gavidia, Dennis Kannenkeril, Justine Chan, Sandi Robinson, Ancy Jose, Anu Joyson, Luca Schlaich, Revathy Carnagarin, Omar Azzam, Márcio Galindo Kiuchi, Markus P. Schlaich
Journal of Human Hypertension.2022; 36(9): 811. CrossRef
A new approach for daily life Blood-Pressure estimation using smart watch
Jiayu He, Jianlin Ou, An He, Lin Shu, Tao Liu, Ruowen Qu, Xiangmin Xu, Zhuoming Chen, Yifeng Yan
Biomedical Signal Processing and Control.2022; 75: 103616. CrossRef
Prevalence of inter-arm blood pressure difference among young healthy adults: Results from a large cross-sectional study on 3235 participants
Rawand Abdulrahman Essa, Sirwan Khalid Ahmed
Annals of Medicine & Surgery.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Characteristics of Inter-Arm Difference in Blood Pressure in Acute Aortic Dissection
Nozomi Sasamoto, Koichi Akutsu, Takeshi Yamamoto, Toshiaki Otsuka, Hideto Sangen, Hiroshi Hayashi, Hiroshige Murata, Hideki Miyachi, Yusuke Hosokawa, Shuhei Tara, Yukichi Tokita, Satoshi Miyata, Tetsuro Morota, Takashi Nitta, Wataru Shimizu
Journal of Nippon Medical School.2021; 88(5): 467. CrossRef
The Future Alert of Inter-Arm Blood Pressure Difference Among Young Healthy Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. (Preprint)
Rawand Essa, Sirwan K. Ahmed, Sanaa Hassan Abdul-Sahib, Rozhgar Mohammed Qadir, Zhala Khdir Miire
Journal of Medical Internet Research.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Inter‐arm systolic blood pressure dependence on hand dominance
Harvey N. Mayrovitz
Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging.2019; 39(1): 35. CrossRef
Inter-arm Systolic Blood Pressure Difference in Physically Active, Adult Subjects
Daniel Neunhäuserer, Andrea Gasperetti, Sara Ortolan, Francesca Battista, Pietro Pettenella, Marco Zaccaria, Marco Bergamin, Andrea Ermolao
High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention.2018; 25(3): 303. CrossRef
The interarm blood pressure difference: Do we know enough yet?
Christopher E. Clark
The Journal of Clinical Hypertension.2017; 19(5): 462. CrossRef
Monitorización de la presión arterial en esfuerzo. ¿Brazo dominante, no dominante o ambos? / Monitoring of the Arterial Pressure in Effort. Dominant, not Dominant Arm or Both?
C.E. Polo-Portes, M.J. Del Castillo-Campos, J.J. Ramos-Álvarez, M.T. Lara-Hernández
Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Interarm Difference in Systolic Blood Pressure in Different Ethnic Groups and Relationship to the “White Coat Effect”: A Cross-Sectional Study
Claire Lorraine Schwartz, Christopher Clark, Constantinos Koshiaris, Paramjit S Gill, Shelia M Greenfield, Sayeed M Haque, Gurdip Heer, Amanpreet Johal, Ramandeep Kaur, Jonathan Mant, Una Martin, Mohamed A Mohammed, Sally Wood, Richard J McManus
American Journal of Hypertension.2017; 30(9): 884. CrossRef
Interarm blood pressure difference in a post-stroke population
Eva Gaynor, Linda Brewer, Lisa Mellon, Patricia Hall, Frances Horgan, Emer Shelley, Eamonn Dolan, Anne Hickey, Kathleen Bennett, David J. Williams
Journal of the American Society of Hypertension.2017; 11(9): 565. CrossRef
Prevalence of systolic inter-arm differences in blood pressure for different primary care populations: systematic review and meta-analysis
Christopher E Clark, Rod S Taylor, Angela C Shore, John L Campbell
British Journal of General Practice.2016; 66(652): e838. CrossRef
Gender differences in the relationship between adiposity and systolic inter-arm blood pressure difference in Korea adults
Gwang-Seok Kim
Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information.2016; 21(11): 113. CrossRef
The Relationship Between the Metabolic Syndrome and Systolic Inter-Arm Systolic Blood Pressure Difference in Korean Adults
Hyun Yoon, Seong Woo Choi, Jong Park, So Yeon Ryu, Mi Ah Han, Gwang Seok Kim, Sung Gil Kim, Hye Jong Oh, Cheol Won Choi
Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders.2015; 13(8): 329. CrossRef
Association of Inter-arm Blood Pressure Difference with Atherosclerosis in Patients without Cardiovascular Diseases
Young-Jin Tak, Yun-Jin Kim, Sang-Yeoup Lee, Jeong-Gyu Lee, Dong-Wook Jeong, Yu-Hyeon Yi, Young-Hye Cho, Eun-Jung Choi, Kyung-Jee Nam, Hye-Rim Hwang
Journal of the Korean Society of Hypertension.2013; 19(3): 71. CrossRef

5,496 View
33 Download
16 Web of Science
16 Crossref

Recent Update in Adult Immunization.: Sunmi Yoo; Korean J Fam Med 2010;31(5):345-354. Published online May 20, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2010.31.5.345

Abstract
PDF

Immunization is the most effective and cost-beneficial means to prevent infectious diseases in adults as well as in children. However, adult immunization has been beyond the center of attention relatively to children's immunization in Korea. Since the Korean Academy of Family Medicine had published "Vaccination for Adults" in 1994, a recent update was done in this field by the Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases. This paper reviews standard immunization for healthy persons and supplementary immunization for persons with underlying diseases based on those recent recommendations. General information, indications, dosage, route of administration, efficacy and safety were reviewed for vaccination of influenza, pneumococcal infection, tetanus, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, human papilloma virus, varicella and measles/mumps/rubella.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Screening and Vaccination Against Measles and Varicella Among Health Care Workers: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis
Ji-Suk Lee, Oh Jeong, Hyunju Yang
Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health.2021; 33(5): 508. CrossRef
Comparison of three immunoassays for determination of immunity to rubella virus in healthcare workers
Su-Yeon Jo, Kyung-Hwa Shin, Sun Min Lee, Eun-Young Jeong, Hyun-Ji Lee, Chulhun L. Chang
Journal of Immunological Methods.2018; 463: 84. CrossRef
One-Year Experience Managing a Cancer Survivorship Clinic Using a Shared-Care Model for Gastric Cancer Survivors in Korea
Ji Eun Lee, Dong Wook Shin, Hyejin Lee, Ki Young Son, Warrick Junsuk Kim, Yun-Suhk Suh, Seong-Ho Kong, Hyuk Joon Lee, Belong Cho, Han-Kwang Yang
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2016; 31(6): 859. CrossRef
Factors associated with the Intention of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination among Mothers of Junior High School Daughters
Hye-Min Park, Hyun-Ei Oh
The Journal of the Korea Contents Association.2014; 14(8): 307. CrossRef
Rapid Increase in the National Treatment Costs for Hepatitis A Infections in Korea
Hee Suk Park, Bo Youl Choi, Young Dae Kwon
The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine.2012; 226(1): 85. CrossRef
Factors Influencing Mothers' Acceptance of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination to Prevent Cervical Cancer in their Daughters
Hae Won Kim
Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2011; 17(2): 137. CrossRef
Mothers' HPV-related Knowledge in an Area
Moon Hee Kang
Journal of Korean Oncology Nursing.2011; 11(3): 193. CrossRef

3,654 View
68 Download
7 Crossref

The Role of C-reactive Protein as a Inflammation-related Factor in Metabolic Syndrome.: Jeon Su Park, Yun Jin Kim, Jeong Gyu Lee, Young Joo Kim, Sangyeoup Lee, Hong Gi Min, Byung Mann Cho; Korean J Fam Med 2009;30(6):449-456. Published online June 20, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2009.30.6.449

Abstract
PDF

Background
The metabolic syndrome has been known as the cluster of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and abdominal obesity. There have been many studies about the infl ammatory role in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, also. We aimed to elucidate the role of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) as a infl ammation-related factor in metabolic syndrome in Korean adults by correlation and factor analysis. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in 1,512 men and 1,836 women (over 20 years old) who had an examination at a center for health promotion of an university hospital from May 2004 through March 2005. The NCEP-ATP III definition and Asian-Pacific adjusted criteria were used to obtain the metabolic syndrome group. And we evaluated the role and gender difference of hs-CRP in metabolic syndrome by correlation and factor analysis.Results: In women, hs-CRP was statistically correlated with most metabolic variables, especially insulin resistance. In factor analysis, 3 factors (obesity, blood pressure, and insulin resistance) were obtained in men and 4 factors (obesity, blood pressure, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia) in women, respectively. In women, hs-CRP was a part of dyslipidemia factor.Conclusion: In factor anaylsis of metabolic syndrome factors with hs-CRP, hs-CRP was not a signifi cant factor in men, but was included as a part of dyslipidemia factor in women.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors and High Sensitive C-reactive Protein in Abdominal Obesity Elderly Women
Kyung-A Shin
The Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science.2017; 49(2): 121. CrossRef
Clinical Outcomes after Modified Fasting Therapy Supplied with Gamrosu: A Retrospective Observational Study
Seung-Uoo Shin, Dong-Hwan Kim, Hyun-Taeg Shin, Dal-Seok Oh
Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research.2016; 16(1): 36. CrossRef

2,575 View
26 Download
2 Crossref

The Usefulness of Maximal Step Length to Predict Annual Fall Risk.: Yong Chol Kwon, Seok Joong Kim, Hwa Jung Kim, Jinho Park, Jin Young Choi, Be Long Cho; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2008;29(1):26-33. Published online January 10, 2008

PDF

1,494 View
16 Download

Clinical Availability of Maximal Step Length.: Seung Joo Lee, Jae Won Shin, In Sik Kong, Sang Hoo Yoo, Jung Un Lee, BeLong Cho; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2007;28(4):263-270. Published online April 10, 2007

Abstract
PDF

Background
Many clinical measures have been used to assess fall risk in elderly adults. The purpose of this study was to assess the interrelationship of maximal step length (MSL) measurement as protective strategies and risk factors of falls. Methods: The study population consisted of 149 community-dwelling people (≥60 yrs). Demographic data, depression degree (GDS-short form), fatigue degree (revised Chalder's fatigue scale) were reviewed by self-recorded questionnaire. K-MMSE, MSL, US and TUG were done when they visited our clinic. We examined whether MSL was correlated with the six leg-directions and was related to other measures to evaluate fall risk. To examine the association between MSL and other variables, we analyzed data by T-test, ANOVA and multiple regressions. Results: The MSL_mean correlated highly with each leg- direction MSL (correlation coefficient, r=0.771∼0.941, P＜0.01), US (r=0.392, P＜0.01) and TUG (r=⁣0.608, P＜0.01). The MSL_mean/L (MSLmean, leg length adjusted) correlated strongly with frequent fall (P=0.005). Also, the MSL_mean/L had a tendency to be low in the elderly, females, in those with regular exercise, widowed or divorced, DM, stroke, dementia suspicion, inclination toward depression, arthritis and frequent falls, but higher score on fatigue groups. Age (P＜.001), sex (P=0.001), DM (P＜.001), frequent falls (P= 0.017), dementia suspicion (P=0.016), and arthritis (P= 0.024) variables were related with MSL_mean/L when we examined these variables by multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: MSL was correlated highly with other functional performance test and DM, age, sex, frequent fall, dementia suspicion, and arthritis variables for fall risk. (J Korean Acad Fam Med 2007;28:263-270)

1,588 View
13 Download

Adult Onset Still's Disease.: Dong Hwan Lee, Jeung Woong Park, Ji Won Hyun, Dae Hyun Kim, Young Sung Suh; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2007;28(3):210-213. Published online March 10, 2007

Abstract
PDF

Adult onset Still's disease (AOSD) is an uncommon acute systemic inflammatory disease of unknown origin. The clinical features include high spiking fever, arthralgia or arthritis, transient maculopapular rash, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and serositis. The laboratory findings include leukocytosis(neutrophilia), elevation of AST, ALT, ESR, CRP and serum ferritin, and negative rheumatic factor and anti-nuclear antibody. We report a case of a 52-year old woman whom symptom is subsided after steroid use. (J Korean Acad Fam Med 2007;28: 210-213)

1,348 View
11 Download

Using the Precaution Adoption Process Model to Assess Cancer Screening Behavior among Korean Adults.: Myoung Soon Lee; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2006;27(1):49-58. Published online January 10, 2006

Abstract
PDF

Background
: Cancer screening for early detection of cancer is essential in the reduction of cancer mortality, but it cannot be successful without the general public's active participation in performing the screening tests. The aim of this study was to examine the stage of readiness for cancer screening among Korean adults by using one of the stage theories, the Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM).

Methods : We developed a survey instrument to assess cancer screening behavior by applying the stages of the PAPM. A total of 1,057 adults participated across four municipalities from two metropolitan cities (Incheon and Busan) and two provinces (Kyeonggi-Do and Kyeongsangnam-Do) in Korea. The individuals were classified according to their stage of readiness to perform cancer screening tests regardless of the specific site of cancer.

Results : Overall, 28.6% of the participants surveyed had been screened for cancer in the two years prior to our survey. Among those who had not been screened, some had never heard of or had not thought about cancer screening (28.6%). Others were considering the possibility of performing cancer screening tests (29.8%) or had decided to perform them but had not yet acted (11.6%), while a few had decided not to perform them (1.5%). The most significant factors influencing whether or not cancer screening was performed were family experience with cancer screening, sex, age, marital status, region, and financial resources.

Conclusion : In order to promote cancer screening in the general population, we should make adequate and appropriate interventions (including information, education, financial supports, etc.) to improve individuals' readiness to perform cancer screening.

1,565 View
26 Download

Association of Smoking Status and Dietary Pattern -A Data of Male Screeners at a Health Promotion Center-.: Sang Yeon Suh, Su Young Kim, Kyung Hee Cho, Yu Il Kim, Taiwoo Yoo, Bong Ryul Huh; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2005;26(11):686-692. Published online November 10, 2005

Abstract
PDF

Background
: Smoking greatly increases the risk of cancer, cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis. Besides direct harm from smoking, some dietary pattern of smokers have been reported to increase such risk. This study aimed to analyze various nutrients by smoking status, and to find out whether smokers maintain harmful dietary patterns.

Methods : One thousand and six hundred fourteen men were selected who visited the health promotion center of an university hospital in Seoul. The inclusion criteria was the completion of dietary survey. Dietary analysis was done by calculation of amounts of each nutrients from 24-hour recall method. We compared total intake of each nutrients and total calories by smoking status with analysis of variance (ANOVA). Then we adjusted the results for exercise and education level by ANCOVA (analysis of covariance).

Results : The study subjects were 840 current smokers (52.0%), 479 ex-smokers (29.7%) and 295 non-smokers (18.3%). The consumption of total fat and cholesterol was significantly high in smokers than non-smokers (P=0.012, P=0.005). The alcohol intake was higher in smokers and ex-smokers than non-smokers (P＜0.001, P=0.007). The smokers and ex-smokers had less calcium than non-smokers (P=0.001, P=0.044). Furthermore, the smokers exercised less than ex-smokers and non-smokers (P＜0.001).

Conclusion : The smokers consumed more total fat and cholesterol which increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. They also had less calcium and drank more alcohol. Comprehensive approach which includes intervention for dietary intakes in addition to smoking cessation is desirable to decrease health risk for smokers.

1,524 View
16 Download

An Aspect of Upper Gastrointestinal Disease among Young Policemen.: Gwan Hyeok Ahn, Sung Mo Baek, Suk Chun Byun, Ju Yub Shin, Ah Ryung Shin; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2005;26(5):263-268. Published online May 10, 2005

Abstract
PDF

Background
: Upper gastrointestinal diseases are relatively important in Korea. There are various studies on upper gastrointestinal diseases, especially relationships with Helicobacter pylori, but studies on young adults are relatively fewer. Therefore, we conducted this study in order to know the prevalence of various upper gastrointestinal diseases and the association with Helicobacter pylori among young policemen.

Methods : Diagnosis and classification of upper gastrointestinal diseases were made in 260 policemen, who visited the outpatient department of family medicine at one general hospital in Seoul from March 2, 2001 to December 31, 2002.

Results : The frequencies of upper gastrointestinal diseases were gastritis (62.2%), duodenal ulcer (14.4%), gastric ulcer (7.5%), duodenitis (6.9%), and no active lesion (9.0%). The frequency of multiple upper gastrointestinal disease was chronic superficial gastritis and duodenal ulcer (37%), chronic superficial gastritis and duodenitis (21.9%), and acute gastritis and duodenal ulcer (16.4%), and these groups comprised the most with 75.3%. The location of the lesion was found at antrum (62.2%) and duodenum (21.6%). Ulcer stages in gastric and duodenal ulcer were mostly in active stage. Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric and duodenal ulcer were 36% and 85.4%, respectively.

Conclusion : Most symptomatic patients had lesions which were found at antrum and duodenum as in other studies. Ulcer diseases in duodenum were much more frequent than those in stomach, which probably be associated with Helicobacter pylori. Therefore, suitable examination and treatment are necessary.

1,544 View
16 Download

The Relationship between Waist Circumference/Height Ratio and Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Obese Females.: Seok Won Kim, Jae Hyeon Kwon, Jung Geum Yoon, Hyuck Ki Lee, Keun Mi Lee, Seung Pil Jung; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2004;25(10):740-745. Published online October 10, 2004

Abstract
PDF

Background
: In this study we estimated the prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors according to waist-to- height ratio (W/Ht ratio) in adult obese women to ensure the importance of abdominal obesity and determined the usefulness of W/Ht ratio as a index of abdominal obesity in adult obese women.

Methods : The study subjects were 190 adult obese women who visited an obesity clinic from August, 2001 to January, 2003. They were divided into 4 groups: Group 1; BMI＜30, W/Ht＜0.6, Group 2; BMI＜30, W/Ht≥0.6, Group 3; BMI≥30, W/Ht＜0.6, and Group 4; BMI≥30, W/Ht≥0.6. In each group, we compared the prevalence and odds ratio for CV risk factors.

Results : In obese group, the prevalence of high blood glucose (P＜0.01), hypertriglyceridemia (P＜0.01) were significantly higher in group 2 than group 1. In high obese group, the prevalence of systolic hypertension (P＜0.01), high blood glucose (P＜0.01), hypercholesterolemia (P＜0.01), hypertriglyceridemia (P＜0.05), and high LDL-cholesterol were significantly higher in group 4 than group 3. When odds ratio for each group with reference to group 1 were compared after adjusting for age, high blood glucose (4.48), and hypertriglyceridemia (6.10) in group 2, and systolic hypertension (2.69), high blood glucose (3.02), and hypertriglyceridemia (4.00) in group 4 were significantly higher.

Conclusion : The prevalence of CV risk factors were likely to be increased in higher W/Ht group independently to BMI. W/Ht ratio can be a simple, useful index for abdominal obesity and its related risk factors not only in adult males but also in adult obese women.

1,586 View
26 Download

Factors Associated with Distorted Self-perception of Body Weight in Korean Adults.: Chang Sup Kim, Tae Heum Jeong, Moon Chan Kim, Jeong Woon Park; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2004;25(6):462-468. Published online June 10, 2004

Abstract
PDF

Background
: This study was done to examine the relationship between distorted self-perception of body weight and some sociodemographic factors in Korean adults.

Methods : This study was conducted among 14,621 adults (men 10,833, women 3,788), who visited Ulsan University Hospital Health Promotion Center to take a routine health examination. The objective body weight status was classified as underweight, normal, overweight, and obesity by body mass index. We compared the self- perception of body weight with in objective body weight status. We used multiple logistic regression to assess the odds ratio for distorted self-perception of body weight by age, marital status, monthly income, and level of education.

Results : Among the total 72.8% of obese men had a distorted self-perception of being slightly excess, 48% of overweight men considered themselves as just about right, and 39.5% of men with normal body weight as underweight. In women, 36.5% with normal body weight had a distorted self-perception of being slightly excess or very excess. In both men and women who were overweight or obesity, the distorted self-perception of being just about right was increased with higher age and lower education. The odds ratio of distorted self-perception in normal as being slightly excess or very excess was higher in women with higher income and higher education.

Conclusion : In both men and women, many people had a distorted self-perception of Body weight. Some sociodemographic factors were found to be related to the self- perception of body weight.

1,626 View
17 Download

Effects of rhGH on Body Composition and Subjective Physical Functions in Adults with Functional Growth Hormone Deficiency.: Duk Chul Lee, Hye Ree Lee, Young Eun Choi, Sun Im Moon; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2004;25(3):244-250. Published online March 10, 2004

Abstract
PDF

Background
: There is a significant amount of evidence to indicate that some of the changes attributed to aging process can be partially reversed by GH replacement. But the GH replacement for somatopause with functional GH deficiency is still controversial. The aim of this study was to explore whether the short term GH replacement improved physical, emotional and sexual function as well as body composition.

Methods : A total of 31 adults with functional growth hormone deficiency were assigned to receive rhGH with an initial daily dose of 1.05 IU, six times a week. For evaluating physical change a 25-item questionnaire was administered to patients at initial visit and 6 months later. Body composition was determined by bioimpedence analysis at initial visit and 6 months later as well. We compared the changes for each variable using Wilcoxon's rank and Friedman's test.

Results : Serum IGF-1 level at 3 and 6 months were increased significantly by 31% and 43%, respectively, compared to baseline (P＜0.0001). Lean body mass and percent body fat at 6 months of treatment showed a 2.2% increase and a 7.6% decrease with statistical significance. The score of the questionnaire at 6 months of treatment increased significantly in physical changes (P＜0.0005), sexual function (P＜0.001), self perception of physical appearances (P＜0.02), chronic fatigue & immunity (P＜0.03), and vitality (P＜0.05).

Conclusion : Adults with functional growth hormone deficiency showed improvements in not only body composition, but also physical function and appearances and sexual function after 6 months of treatment with rhHGH.

1,487 View
13 Download

Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor I and Its Relating Factors in Healthy Korean Adults Aged over 40 Years.: Duk Chul Lee, Hye Ree Lee, Young Eun Choi, Sun Im Moon, Eun Sook Oh, Ki Won Oh; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2003;24(1):51-57. Published online January 10, 2003

Abstract
PDF

Background
: There is a clinical need for a reference value based on healthy adults in Korea. The aim of this study was to define IGF-1 concentration in healthy Korean adults and to investigate the factors relative to IGF-1 level.

Methods : By reviewing the medical records of a hospital in Korea, healthy 112 men and 109 women aged over 40 years were studied. We determined the serum IGF-1 levels of both groups according to age, sex, health behaviors, lipid profile, bone mineral density, serum albumin, waist circumference, body mass index, total testosterone, and FSH.

Results : IGF-1 had no sexual difference in any age group (258.7±84.3 ng/mL for men, 263.7±86.8 ng/mL for women), but correlated negatively with age (r=-0.43 and -0.35 for men and women, respectively). The mean decline was 49.6 ng/mL and 43.9 ng/mL per 10 years for men and women, respectively. IGF-1 correlated positively with serum albumin, total cholesterol, and bone mineral density of spine and femur neck. The multiple regression analysis showed that the most powerful factors influencing IGF-1 level was serum albumin (R²; 0.13) followed by age, bone mineral density of femur neck, and total cholesterol.

Conclusion : We present a reference value for IGF-1 in healthy Korean adults aged over 40 years. The most powerful factor influencing IGF-1 level was serum albumin.

1,631 View
14 Download

The Causes and Symptoms of Chest Pain among Young Policemen.: Young Kyo Choi, Sung Mo Baek, Yong In Son, Dong Hoon Shin; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2002;23(11):1369-1376. Published online November 10, 2002