Korean Journal of Family Medicine

A Case Report of Male Systemic Lupus Erythematous with Antinuclear Antibodies-Negative: A Challenging Diagnosis: Ruziana Baharudin, Nur Suhaila Idris, Juliawati Muhammad, Wan Noor Hasbee Wan Abdullah; Korean J Fam Med 2022;43(2):150-154. Published online March 17, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.20.0211

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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a connective tissue disease of unknown etiology that predominantly affects women of childbearing age. We report a case of male systemic lupus erythematous with antinuclear antibodies and typical clinical presentations of multiple skin lesions, polyarticular joint pain, fatigue, anorexia, and hair loss. Full evaluations were used to establish a diagnosis of SLE. The lower prevalence of SLE among males and antinuclear antibody-negative patients poses a great challenge for diagnosis. Therefore, as primary care doctors, we need to have a high suspicion of systemic lupus erythematous even in male and antinuclear antibody-negative patients. Thus, early treatment may help patients improve their quality of life.

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Diagnostic Dilemma of ANA-negative Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a South Asian Female
Qaisar Ali Khan, Tehmina khan, Parsa Abdi, Christopher Farkouh, Michelle Anthony, Faiza Amatul Hadi, Sumaira Iram
Clinical Medicine Insights: Case Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Unusual presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus in a male child: a case presentation
Khyati Gupta, Vishal Dnyaneshwar Sawant, Sushma Save
Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

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Best Practice for Prolonged Fever in Primary Care Setting: Close Follow-Up or Empiric Antibiotic Therapy?: Mahnaz Sandoughi, Seyed Amirhossein Fazeli, Fatemeh Naseri-Ramroudi, Farzaneh Barzkar; Korean J Fam Med 2018;39(5):318-321. Published online July 4, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.17.0118

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The management of prolonged fever in low-socioeconomic-status areas by primary care providers such as general practitioners is challenging. Given the endemic nature of many infectious diseases, physicians typically start empirical antibiotic therapy following a limited diagnostic workup including serologic examinations. Herein, we report the case of a young male patient with prolonged fever and arthralgia initially diagnosed with and treated for brucellosis but with a confirmed diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus on follow-up. This unique case shows that close follow-up is the best practice for managing prolonged fever in cases with non-specific laboratory findings.

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Changes in Skin Color after Smoking Cessation: Young Hye Cho, Dong Wook Jeong, Sang Hee Seo, Sang Yeoup Lee, Eun Jung Choi, Yun Jin Kim, Jeong Gyu Lee, Yu-Hyun Lee, Mi Jin Bae, Hyun Woo Chin; Korean J Fam Med 2012;33(2):105-109. Published online March 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2012.33.2.105

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This study was performed to assess changes in skin color over 1 month after smoking cessation. The study population consisted of 49 men who participated in a smoking cessation program from March 2010 to June 2010 at a public health centre in Yangsan, South Korea. Thirty-four men who stop smoking completely were included in our study. Instrumental evaluations of skin color were performed using Mexameter (MX 18; Courage and Khazaka Electronic GmbH) at the beginning of the study and at 1-week and 4-week follow-up visits. Skin color was evaluated by measurement of 2 main color bases-melanin and haemoglobin-with the results expressed as melanin index (MI) and erythema index (EI). Both MI and EI were significantly reduced at the 4-week follow-up visit on all 7 sites measured. We anticipate that desirable effects on skin color after smoking cessation will play a positive role in maintaining smoking abstinence in routine clinical practice.

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Melanin levels in relation to vitamin D among first-generation immigrants from different ethnic groups and origins: A comparative national Canadian cross-sectional study
Said Yousef, Manny Papadimitropoulos, MoezAlIslam Faris, Hayder Hasan, Alomgir Hossain, Ian Colman, Douglas Manuel, George A. Wells
Frontiers in Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Promoting New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) for research on skin color changes in response to environmental stress factors: tobacco and air pollution
Katherine Virginia Bouchard, Gertrude-Emilia Costin
Frontiers in Toxicology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Hyerim Han, Jimin Lee
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The systemic influence of chronic smoking on skin structure and mechanical function
Abigail K Langton, Evridiki Tsoureli‐Nikita, Holly Merrick, Xuegen Zhao, Christina Antoniou, Alexander Stratigos, Riaz Akhtar, Brian Derby, Michael J Sherratt, Rachel EB Watson, Christopher EM Griffiths
The Journal of Pathology.2020; 251(4): 420. CrossRef
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Joshua J.X. Li, Joanna K.M. Ng, Amy B.W. Chan
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Alex L. Jones
Evolution and Human Behavior.2018; 39(1): 19. CrossRef
Constitutive melanin density is associated with higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D and potentially total body BMD in older Caucasian adults via increased sun tolerance and exposure
M.J.W. Thompson, G. Jones, D.A. Aitken
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Linking Vitamin D Deficiency to Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Matthew T. Palmer, Casey T. Weaver
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.2013; 19(10): 2245. CrossRef

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One Case of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Chief Complaint of Xerostomia and Abnormal Liver Function.: Je Wook Yeon, Song Yee Baek, Ho Woong Cho, Youn Jeong Shin, Dong Sik U, Eun Jin Choi, Mi Kyeong Oh; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2004;25(6):475-480. Published online June 10, 2004

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Dry mouth is a common symptom in over middle- aged women. Xerostomia itself can be caused by multifactorial etiolgy. Dry mouth may occur with the use of medications, as a complication of connective tissue and autoimmune disease, such as Sjogren's syndrome or sicca syndrome, with radiation therapy to the head and neck or diabetes mellitus, or with a number of other condition. Even stress and anxiety can lead to a dry mouth. Also, Abnormal liver function is associated with drugs, viral infection, alcohol, obesity, autoimmne disease and a number of other disease. A 41-year-old women complaining of xerostomia and known abnormal liver fuction since 1 year was admitted to our medical examination center. In this case, Final diagnosis was systemic lupus erythematosus with autoimmune hepatitis and secondary Sjogren's syndrome through characteristic clinical finding, liver biopsy, positive Schirmer's test, salivary gland biopsy, and salivary scintigraphy. The various immunosuppresant medication has taken and then liver function indices and clinical symptoms were improved.