Background Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and dysmenorrhea are common symptoms in women. In this study, we investigated the effects of saffron on PMS and dysmenorrhea in women.
Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we comprehensively screened a range of databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct. We included randomized clinical trials investigating the effects of saffron on PMS or dysmenorrhea. Quality assessment of the identified studies was conducted using the Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool. Meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software ver. 2 based on the random effects model.
Results Meta-analysis revealed that saffron had a significant positive effect on the symptoms of PMS in women (standardized mean difference [SMD], –0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], –0.84 to –0.44). Furthermore, saffron was effective in reducing dysmenorrhea (SMD, –0.51; 95% CI, –1.01 to –0.01).
Conclusion The findings of our meta-analysis indicate that saffron exerts beneficial effects on the symptoms of both PMS and dysmenorrhea in women.
Background Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common and disabling disorder among adolescents. But the research addressing premenstrual disorders in adolescents is sparse and such disorders may well be underrecognized. In this regard, the study aimed at identifying attributes to premenstrual symptoms by surveying one high school located in Busan, Korea. Methods: A total of 381 adolescent females who accepted the participation in this study were recruited from one academic high school in Busan, Korea. For the evaluation of risk factors on the PMS, we investigated menstrual patterns, severity of premenstrual symptoms, environment and life events, stress, and physical activity. Results: In bivariate analysis, earlier menarche (P = 0.007), higher BEPSI score (P < 0.001), higher physical activity score (P = 0.003), and drinking alcohol (P = 0.047) were related to PMS symptom severity. On multiple regression analysis, Brief Encounter Psychosocial Instrument Score (P < 0.001), age of menarche (P = 0.003) and physical activity (P = 0.004) were independent explanatory variables of PMS symptom severity. Conclusion: This study showed that the relationship between PMS symptom severity and age of menarche and stress was statistically signifi cant in high school girls.
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Background Menstruation is often regarded as a privilege for women allowing reproductive activity. However, abrupt hormonal fluctuations in menstrual cycle may cause distressing physical and psychological symptoms such as premenstrual syndrome (PMS). PMS is known to have a great impact on daily life activities and social functions, and might result in significantly decreased quality of life (QOL). In this study, we aimed to evaluate a relation between PMS and QOL in young adult Korean women. Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to a total of 514 women who were aged 16∼35 years and who were employed in an industrial complex located in Gyeonggi-do, Korea. PMS was assessed using diagnostic criteria recommended by the American Psychiatric Association. QOL was assessed using Korean health related Quality of Life Scale. The association between PMS and QOL was examined in 440 women using the two-sample t-test after excluding 74 women who were missing for variables essential for the assessment of PMS and QOL. Results: The prevalence of PMS was 7.3% (32 out of 440 women). Women with PMS had the worse QOL score in almost all domains of QOL except for spiritual health (physical function, psychological health, social function, pain, vitality, role limitation, health status perception, and health status change). Conclusion: There was a significant relation between PMS and QOL. The finding of significantly lower QOL in women with PMS suggests that PMS should be evaluated and treated actively in primary care. (J Korean Acad Fam Med 2008;29:108-113)
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