Korean Journal of Family Medicine

"Skin"

Original Article

Factors Associated with Early Breastfeeding Initiation among Women Who Underwent Cesarean Delivery at Tertiary Hospitals in Kelantan, Malaysia: Nazirah Johar, Noraini Mohamad, Norkhafizah Saddki, Tengku Alina Tengku Ismail, Zaharah Sulaiman; Korean J Fam Med 2021;42(2):140-149. Published online May 19, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.19.0178

Abstract
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Background
Cesarean delivery is linked with lower rates of early breastfeeding initiation. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of early initiation of breastfeeding among women admitted for elective cesarean delivery in Kelantan, Malaysia.
Methods
A total of 171 women admitted for elective cesarean delivery at two tertiary hospitals in Kelantan, Malaysia, participated in this study. On day two after cesarean delivery, face-to-face interviews were conducted with the mothers to get information on feeding practice. Descriptive statistics, including simple and multiple logistic regressions, were used for data analysis.
Results
Seventy-three percent of mothers initiated breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth. Approximately 15.8% and 10.5% of mothers initiated breastfeeding within 24 hours and ≥24 hours, respectively. Skin-to-skin contact between mothers and their infants occurred in 77.8% of cases after cesarean delivery. Breastfeeding initiation was significantly associated with skin-to-skin contact (odds ratio [OR], 14.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.58–58.06), mothers who exclusively breastfed during hospitalization (OR, 36.37; 95% CI, 5.60–236.24), and infants who were not sleepy during attempts at breastfeeding (OR, 5.17; 95% CI, 1.32–20.21).
Conclusion
Based on our results, it is possible to increase the proportion of mothers initiating breastfeeding within 1 hour among women who undergo elective cesarean delivery. Therefore, it is important that health practitioners educate women beginning in the antenatal period who plan to undergo cesarean delivery by emphasizing the importance of early initiation of breastfeeding.

Citations

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Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
A Comparison of Ultrasound Imaging Texture Analyses During the Early Postpartum With the Mode of Delivery
Hyun Kyoung Lee, Eunwook Joo, Seongbeen Kim, Iseop Cho, Kyong-No Lee, Hyeon Ji Kim, Bohyoung Kim, Jee Yoon Park
Journal of Human Lactation.2023; 39(1): 59. CrossRef
Timely initiation of breastfeeding among women who gave birth by cesarean section in central Ethiopia, 2022: A cross-sectional study
Arega Abebe Lonsako, Haymanot Mezmur, Arsema Gebreyesus, Gadissa Tolosa, Sagni Girma, Abera Mersha
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(9): e0291983. CrossRef
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Aysun Eksioglu, İlkay Unal, Ayşe Akyar
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Rimawati Aulia Insani Sadarang, Bs. Titi Haerana
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Postcesarean Difficulties and their Association with Breastfeeding Success in Postpartum Women
C Cirpanli, B Demirtas Hicyilmaz
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice.2022; 25(1): 69. CrossRef
Prevalence and predictors of mother and newborn skin-to-skin contact at birth in Papua New Guinea
Richard Gyan Aboagye, Joshua Okyere, Robert Kokou Dowou, Leticia Akua Adzigbli, Vivian Tackie, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Abdul-Aziz Seidu
BMJ Open.2022; 12(9): e062422. CrossRef
Breastfeeding Practices (Initiation, Exclusivity, Duration) During the First Six Months of an Infant’s Life among Caesarean Mothers in Selangor
Nor Hazirah Amalina Che Hussain, HuiJun Chih, Syahrul Bariah Abdul Hamid
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2022; 18(s15): 72. CrossRef
Predictors for timely initiation of breastfeeding after birth in the hospitals of Nepal- a prospective observational study
Rejina Gurung, Avinash K. Sunny, Prajwal Paudel, Pratiksha Bhattarai, Omkar Basnet, Srijana Sharma, Durgalaxmi Shrestha, Seema Sharma, Honey Malla, Dela Singh, Sangeeta Mishra, Ashish KC
International Breastfeeding Journal.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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Case Reports

Hemiballismus in Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus: Juhaida Jaafar, Razlina Abdul Rahman, Nani Draman, Nor Akma Yunus; Korean J Fam Med 2018;39(3):200-203. Published online May 18, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2018.39.3.200

Abstract
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Hemiballismus, a subtype of chorea, is a rare movement disorder, and is most commonly found secondary to stroke. Movements are involuntary, violent, coarse, and have a wide amplitude. There is increasing report of hemiballismus occurring in non-ketotic hyperglycemia. Spontaneous improvements or remissions were observed in many patients, and treatment should be directed towards the cause of hemiballismus. There is no randomized control trial to guide clinicians in deciding the best treatment option when managing hemiballismus. Symptomatic treatment includes the use of drugs such as dopamine receptor blocker and tetrabenazine. Surgical treatment is reserved for severe, persistent, and disabling hemiballismus. This case is of an elderly woman with long standing uncontrolled diabetes who presented with abnormal movement in her left upper limb for 2 months, which resolved slowly with good control of her glucose levels. Treating physicians need to have a high index of suspicion to prevent mismanagement of the condition.

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Xu-Dong Wang, Xing Li, Chun-Lian Pan
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2024; 12(4): 806. CrossRef
Bilateral Chorea-Ballism Associated With Non-ketotic Hyperglycemia: A Case Report
Ouafae Abbassi, Amina Ali Kako, Yassine Mebrouk
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Non-ketotic hyperglycaemic hemichorea-hemiballismus with Fahr’s disease in a Chinese family: a case report
Si-Huan Zhu, Jin-Jin Peng, Ke-Fan Li, Jian-Cheng Peng, Jun Li
International Journal of Neuroscience.2023; 133(11): 1242. CrossRef
Atypical Imaging Findings of Nonketotic Hyperglycemic Hemichorea: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Christopher M Stevens, Kevin Malone, Arielle Degueure, Amro Saad Aldine, Octavio Arevalo
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Hemiballism and chorea with acute/subacute onset: a retrospective series
Yeşim Güzey Aras, Sena Boncuk Ulaş, Türkan Acar, Bilgehan Atılgan Acar
Acta Neurologica Belgica.2023; 123(2): 591. CrossRef
Bilateral striatum with high-signal intensity on T1-weighted MRI: A case of hemichorea induced by nonketotic hyperglycemia
Yuanyi Pan, Fattyang Chew, Rongping Wang, Xuntao Yin, Yaying Li
Radiology Case Reports.2021; 16(4): 895. CrossRef
Haemichorea–haemiballism associated with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (a video demonstration)
Shun Yamashita, Masaki Tago, Shu-ichi Yamashita
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N. Gouta, S. Younes, B. Hidouri, H. Bouguila, F. Boubaker
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Diabetes and neurology: hemichorea–hemiballism in hyperglycaemia
Kim Yen Galloway, Osman Younus, Graziella Quattrocchi, Bazo Raheem, George Dervenoulas, Eli Silber
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Hemiballismus in subcortical lacunar infarcts
ChinyeluUchenna Ufoaroh, OvercomerNnaemeka Agah, Nnamdi Morah, ErnestNdukaife Anyabolu
Nigerian Journal of Medicine.2020; 29(3): 527. CrossRef
Hemiballismus Presenting as a Metabolic
Debipriya Saha, Kanak Choudhury
Bengal Physician Journal.2020; 6(3): 74. CrossRef
Corea secundaria a hiperglucemia no cetósica: a propósito de un caso
E. Esteban-Zubero, R. Castejón-Moreno, C. García-Muro, M.A. Alatorre-Jiménez, A. Marín-Medina
Medicina de Familia. SEMERGEN.2019; 45(8): 569. CrossRef
Investigation of the relationship between non-ketotic hyperglycemia and hemichorea-hemiballism
Po-Jen Hsiao, Chih-Chun Kuo, Tai-You Kuo, Yung-Hsi Kao, Jenq-Shyong Chan, Yen-Yue Lin, Ming-Hua Chen, Jin-Shuen Chen, Chih-Pin Chuu
Medicine.2019; 98(28): e16255. CrossRef

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A Possible Case of Statin-Induced Ichthyosis in an Elderly Woman: Ki Dong Ko, Kyoung Kon Kim, Jin-Ok Baek, Heuy Sun Suh, In Cheol Hwang; Korean J Fam Med 2018;39(1):51-53. Published online January 23, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2018.39.1.51

Abstract
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Ichthyosis is a heterogeneous group of hereditary or acquired skin disorders, characterized by increased stratum corneum production. Several systemic diseases and many drugs can occasionally cause acquired ichthyosis. We report a case of statin-induced ichthyosis in which the causality between statin and ichthyosis was found possible by using the Naranjo scale. A 79-year-old woman presented with pruritic skin lesions on both legs that appeared erythematous, scaly, and cracked. A clinical diagnosis of acquired ichthyosis was made and the statin was suspected as the cause. The skin lesions improved after 6 weeks of dose reduction of the statin.

Citations

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Zhiming Chen, Yihe Liu, Hui Yu, Jing Li, Xin Huang, Ruiyu Xiang, Ran Mo, Hao Chen, Yong Yang
Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.2025; 93(4): 980. CrossRef
Acquired ichthyosis, asteatotic dermatitis or xerosis? An update on pathoetiology and drug‐induced associations
Jason S. Park, Amir H. Saeidian, Leila Youssefian, Sylvia Hsu, Hassan Vahidnezhad, Jouni Uitto
Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.2023; 37(1): 47. CrossRef
Acquired ichthyosis: a clinical review
Roger Haber, Joelle Feghali, Umer Nadir, Michael D. Yi, Brian A. Cahn
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Ichthyosis (concept, pathohistology, clinical picture, treatment)
Tatyana Gennadyevna Takhtarova, Zarema Rimovna Khismatullina, Lyudmila Dmitrievna Panova, Anastasia Nikolaevna Panova
Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii.2021; 97(3): 6. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Changes in Skin Color after Smoking Cessation: Young Hye Cho, Dong Wook Jeong, Sang Hee Seo, Sang Yeoup Lee, Eun Jung Choi, Yun Jin Kim, Jeong Gyu Lee, Yu-Hyun Lee, Mi Jin Bae, Hyun Woo Chin; Korean J Fam Med 2012;33(2):105-109. Published online March 30, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2012.33.2.105

Abstract
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This study was performed to assess changes in skin color over 1 month after smoking cessation. The study population consisted of 49 men who participated in a smoking cessation program from March 2010 to June 2010 at a public health centre in Yangsan, South Korea. Thirty-four men who stop smoking completely were included in our study. Instrumental evaluations of skin color were performed using Mexameter (MX 18; Courage and Khazaka Electronic GmbH) at the beginning of the study and at 1-week and 4-week follow-up visits. Skin color was evaluated by measurement of 2 main color bases-melanin and haemoglobin-with the results expressed as melanin index (MI) and erythema index (EI). Both MI and EI were significantly reduced at the 4-week follow-up visit on all 7 sites measured. We anticipate that desirable effects on skin color after smoking cessation will play a positive role in maintaining smoking abstinence in routine clinical practice.

Citations

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Melanin levels in relation to vitamin D among first-generation immigrants from different ethnic groups and origins: A comparative national Canadian cross-sectional study
Said Yousef, Manny Papadimitropoulos, MoezAlIslam Faris, Hayder Hasan, Alomgir Hossain, Ian Colman, Douglas Manuel, George A. Wells
Frontiers in Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Promoting New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) for research on skin color changes in response to environmental stress factors: tobacco and air pollution
Katherine Virginia Bouchard, Gertrude-Emilia Costin
Frontiers in Toxicology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Engaging with still-smokers

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The systemic influence of chronic smoking on skin structure and mechanical function
Abigail K Langton, Evridiki Tsoureli‐Nikita, Holly Merrick, Xuegen Zhao, Christina Antoniou, Alexander Stratigos, Riaz Akhtar, Brian Derby, Michael J Sherratt, Rachel EB Watson, Christopher EM Griffiths
The Journal of Pathology.2020; 251(4): 420. CrossRef
Clinicopathological features of melanotic and non-melanotic oncocytic lesions of the nasopharynx
Joshua J.X. Li, Joanna K.M. Ng, Amy B.W. Chan
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Constitutive melanin density is associated with higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D and potentially total body BMD in older Caucasian adults via increased sun tolerance and exposure
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Case Report

A Case of Tsutusgamushi Disease with Atypical Symptom.: Dae Woo Kim, Kook Huyng Lee, Sang Yeoup Lee, Hong Gi Min, Young Joo Kim, Yun Jin Kim; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2006;27(9):741-745. Published online September 10, 2006

Abstract
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A 59 year old woman visited the hospital complaining of sore throat, chill, myalgia and whole body skin rash. There was abnormal finding of fever, sinus tachycardia, increased lactic dehydrogenase and elongation prothrombin time. We started treatment with acetaminophen and fluid because she had not specific history of visiting to the mountain or field, etc. After treatment increased aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase and thrombocytopenia appeared without symptomatic improvement so that we investigated tsutsugamushi antibodies and diagnosed her condition as Tsutsugamushi disease with polyuria. But the clinical manifestation in our case showed atypical symptom which had polyuria. There is no report on that in Korea and over the world therefore the author et al. report of case of Tsutsugamushi disease with polyuria, atypical symptom.

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Original Article

Skin Diseases among Veterans Exposed to Herbicides Used in Vietnam.: Jong Soon Choi, Ji Young Jang, Un Hee Kong, Hyung Jun Sim, Kee Suck Suh, Sang Tae Kim; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2005;26(6):318-326. Published online June 10, 2005

Abstract
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Background
: The herbicides used in Vietnam were later found to be extremely contaminated with 2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-ρ-dioxin (TCDD). The carcinogenecity of the product was for all cancers combined. The risk of soft tissue sarcoma, lung cancer, and lymphoma, chloracne, peripheral neuropathy and other diseases were found to be increased. Although many veterans exposed to herbicides had chronic skin diseases with variable clinical features, there were few researches about herbicides-related skin diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of herbicides-related skin diseases and to provide epidemiologic information.

Methods : This study has been reviewed in the clinical findings of 127 veterans with skin diseases exposed to herbicides who visited Kosin University Gospel Hospital during the 5 years from January of 1997 to December of 2001.

Results : The age distribution was in the range of 47∼68 years. The mean age was 54.6 years old. All patients were male. In the duration, 34 patients (26.8%) developed skin diseases for 6∼10 years, 21 patients (16.5%) for 16∼20 years, and 21 patients (16.5%), 25 years. In the incidence, seborrheic dermatitis was the most frequently observed in 45 patients (35.4%) followed by eczematous dermatitis in 41 patients (32.3%), xerotic eczema in 23 (18.1%) and pruritic dermatoses in 21 (16.5 %). In the incidence ratio of skin diseases with systemic diseases, chronic urticaria was the most highly observed with 100% (1/1) followed by fungal infection in 70% (7/10), other diseases in 66.6% (6/9), seborrheic dermatitis in 64.4% (29/45), eczematous dermatitis in 56.1% (23/41), and xerotic eczema in 52.2% (12/23). Sixty eight patients had skin diseases with systemic disease. Hypertension and diabetes were most frequently observed with 24 and 23 patients, respectively. The order of incidence was as follows: liver disease, gastroduodenal ulcer, peripheral neuropathy, chronic gastroenteritis, and hyperlipidemia. Mycosis fungoides was found in 4 cases and monoclonal T cell γ receptor gene rearrangement was detected in 2 cases (50%).

Conclusion : Skin diseases among veterans exposed to herbicides used in Vietnam were chronic and showed variable clinical features. It was difficult to confirm the relationship between skin diseases and herbicides, but further researches are required to seek guidelines for the evaluation of skin diseases.