Background
Female workers in Indonesia are vulnerable, because they must work to earn a living while still being responsible for domestic problems. This study analyzes the barriers to the use of modern contraceptives by female workers in Indonesia’s urban areas.
Methods
This cross-sectional survey looked at 21,696 female workers. We used modern contraceptive use as a dependent variable, and age, education, wealth, known modern contraceptives, number of live births, ideal number of children, and insurance ownership as independent variables. In the final test, we employed binary logistic regression.
Results
The results showed that women at all age categories were more likely than those aged 15–19 years not to use modern contraceptives, except those aged 35–39 years, who showed no difference. All other marital types were more likely to use modern contraceptives than married individuals. Rich female workers were 1.139 times more likely than poor workers not to use modern contraceptives (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.139; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.026–1.264). Female workers who did not know about modern contraceptives were 4.549 times more likely than those who did not to use modern contraceptives (AOR, 4.549; 95% CI, 1.037–19.953). Female workers with more than two children were 9.996 times more likely than those with two or fewer children not to use modern contraceptives (AOR, 9.996; 95% CI, 9.1890–10.875).
Conclusion
This study identified five factors associated with the non-use of modern contraceptives by female workers in Indonesia’s urban areas: young, unmarried, rich, did not know about modern contraceptives, and had more than two children.

Background
This study explored the approaches of Jordanian community pharmacists to identifying and counseling breastfeeding mothers regarding medication usage.
Methods
This cross-sectional study used self-administered questionnaires. A convenience sample (n=381) of Jordanian community pharmacists was recruited through social media. The responses were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS ver. 25.0 (IBM Corp., USA).
Results
The majority of recruited pharmacists were female (n=329, 86.4%). Asking every woman was Jordanian pharmacists’ preferred approach to identifying breastfeeding women (n=211, 55.4%). The study showed that around one-third of the pharmacists (n=128, 33.6%) reported that they currently experienced queries regarding medication use during breastfeeding on a daily basis. Additionally, the majority (n=325, 85.3%) of pharmacists reported feeling confident, and 67.2% of them (n=256) reported feeling comfortable while giving advice to breastfeeding women. The surveyed pharmacists relied on different resources during their course of practice to answer queries related to medicine usage by breastfeeding mothers.
Conclusion
Community pharmacists have continuous interactions with breastfeeding women. Pharmacists require reliable and updated data access to answer queries related to medication use while breastfeeding.

Citations

• Reflecting on progress and challenges: the Korean Journal of Family Medicine in 2024
  Seung-Won Oh
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2025; 46(2): 55.     CrossRef

Background
Men with low testosterone levels are at an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome, irrespective of age or obesity. However, the relationship between metabolic syndrome and testosterone levels in women remains unclear. We compared the total testosterone concentrations between premenopausal obese women with and without metabolic syndrome and identified the factors affecting these concentrations.
Methods
A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted using the medical records of 580 premenopausal women with obesity. The diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome were established using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines.
Results
The mean±standard deviation age, weight, and body mass index were 38.8±8.4 years, 78.0±11.8 kg, and 30.0±4.1 kg/m², respectively. The mean total testosterone concentration was lower in the metabolic syndrome group than in the non-metabolic syndrome group (n=385 vs. n=195; 0.22±0.10 ng/mL vs. 0.24±0.11 ng/mL; P<0.001). In a model adjusted for age, body mass index, skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass, and body fat percentage, the odds ratio for metabolic syndrome with respect to the total testosterone level was 0.128 (P=0.028). Testosterone concentration was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.334), systolic blood pressure (r=-0.084), and triglyceride concentration (r=-0.093) but positively correlated with weight (r=0.144), body mass index (r=0.140), waist circumference (r=0.133), body fat mass (r=0.167), and body fat percentage (r=0.167). Stepwise regression analysis revealed that age (β=-0.004, P<0.001), body mass index (β=0.003, P=0.004), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration (β=0.001, P=0.019) were independently associated with total testosterone concentration (adjusted R2=12.6%).
Conclusion
Metabolic syndrome and obesity may be independently associated with testosterone levels in premenopausal women with obesity.

Citations

• The Interconnected Nature of Smoking, Depression, and Obesity in Behavioral Medicine
  Joung Sik Son
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2024; 45(4): 181.     CrossRef

Background
In patients with breast cancer, a healthy diet can help reduce breast cancer-specific recurrence, mortality, and comorbid chronic disease rates. There have been few studies on dietary habits immediately after breast cancer diagnosis, especially those involving the Asian population. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the nutritional habits of newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer and the general population without cancer in Korea using propensity score (PS) matching.
Methods
We conducted a case-controlled study of 157 patients with breast cancer and 2,363 cancer-free control participants from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The PS values for the predicted probability of patients with breast cancer and the general population were estimated using logistic regression analysis, including age and body mass index. The dietary patterns were assessed using a 24-hour recall of 1 day and the Food Frequency Questionnaire.
Results
PS matching showed that patients with breast cancer consumed fewer calories and carbohydrates; however, they consumed more protein and fat compared to the general population. Compared to the general population, patients with breast cancer consumed more healthy foods such as fish, seaweed, vegetables, fruit, mixed-grain rice, and nuts; however, they also consumed more soup, stew, and red meat.
Conclusion
Newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer have some healthy dietary habits compared to the general population. However, there is considerable room for improvement in their diet quality. Our results support the need to develop tailored dietary recommendations for patients with breast cancer during the diagnostic and posttreatment periods to improve their diet quality.

Background
Over the last decade, Iran has experienced a declining birth trend. Identifying the proximate determinants of fertility intentions among married women is informative for population studies. This study aimed to examine the importance of three immediate antecedents of fertility intention.
Methods
We invited 1,100 married women to complete a well-validated questionnaire based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The sampling framework consisted of visitors attending hospitals in two cities in southeastern Iran. Intention for having children was measured using the item “Do you intend to have a/another child during the next 3 years?” Attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were measured using eight, three, and three items, respectively. Structural equation modeling was used to specify the model and to test the predictive ability of the TPB constructs.
Results
The response rate was 90.7% (N=998), and the mean±standard deviation age of the respondents was 34.8±7.4 years. More than 50% of the respondents reported intending to have a child in the next 3 years. All three TPB model constructs showed significant associations with fertility intentions. The standardized beta coefficients for attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were 0.74, 0.41, and 0.55, respectively.
Conclusion
The TPB model showed that psychological mechanisms play an important role in predicting the childbearing intentions of married women in Iran. Of the three TPB constructs, attitude was the strongest predictor of the intention to have a child.

Citations

• Research on influencing factors of college teachers’ second child fertility intentions——Taking Jinan as an example
  Yanling Yao, José Antonio Ortega
  PLOS ONE.2024; 19(5): e0299838.     CrossRef

Background
The association between a history of pregnancy and liver fibrosis remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the association between reproductive factors, including a history of pregnancy and liver fibrosis, in postmenopausal Korean women.
Methods
This study used nationally representative, population-based data collected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2017. Of 14,624 women with natural menopause, 11,085 with no previous history of any type of cancer, hepatitis, or chronic heavy alcohol consumption were enrolled. We investigated the reproductive factors, including a history of pregnancy, total reproductive years, age at menarche and menopause, and oral contraceptive use. Liver fibrosis was defined as a Fibrosis-4 index score ≥2.67 kg/m².
Results
Of the study participants, 372 (3.3%) had advanced liver fibrosis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that women with a history of more than one pregnancy were associated with a lower risk of liver fibrosis compared to women who had never been pregnant, after adjusting for potential confounders (adjusted odds ratio, 0.30; 95% confidence interval, 0.15–0.59). The risk of liver fibrosis did not increase significantly with an increasing number of pregnancies (P for trend=0.135). Other reproductive factors, including total reproductive years, age at menopause and menarche, and oral contraceptive use, were not significantly associated with liver fibrosis.
Conclusion
Postmenopausal women who had experienced one or more pregnancies had a reduced risk of liver fibrosis. Our findings reveal a potential protective role of pregnancy against liver fibrosis.

Background
Vitamin D may enhance immune system function and provide a protective effect against infections. Feto-maternal circulation plays an important role in supplying the developing fetus with nutrients and antibodies for its development and health during pregnancy and for its early years of life after birth. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the effectiveness of maternal vitamin D supplementation in preventing respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in children.
Methods
We searched the Central and MEDLINE databases and went through all the reference lists in the related articles. We also searched for ongoing trials at http://www.who.int/ictrp/en/ and www.clinicaltrials.gov. Randomized controlled trials comparing vitamin D supplementation with a placebo or no treatment in pregnant women published in the English language up to March 2019 were included. Two reviewers extracted data independently using a predefined protocol and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool, with differences agreed upon by consensus. The predefined primary outcome was the number of offspring who had RTIs. The secondary outcome was the presence of measurable serum immunoglobulin E levels.
Results
Three trials involving 3,224 participants (mother–child pairs) met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The present analysis reported that maternal supplementation with vitamin D had no effect on RTIs among children (n=1,486 offspring; risk ratio, 0.95; 95% confidence interval, 0.82–1.11; random effects; I² statistics, 0%).
Conclusion
Maternal vitamin D supplementation had no effect on RTIs in children. Therefore, consideration of other prevention methods in this regard is recommended.

Citations

• Women’s Health and Primary Care
  Seung-Won Oh
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2024; 45(1): 1.     CrossRef
• The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Respiratory Infections in Children under 6 Years Old: A Systematic Review
  Larisa Mihaela Marusca, Gowry Reddy, Mihaela Blaj, Reshmanth Prathipati, Ovidiu Rosca, Felix Bratosin, Iulia Bogdan, Razvan Mihai Horhat, Gabriela-Florentina Tapos, Daniela-Teodora Marti, Monica Susan, Raja Akshay Pingilati, Florin George Horhat, Mavrea A
  Diseases.2023; 11(3): 104.     CrossRef
• Maternal vitamin D intakes during pregnancy and child health outcome
  Erdenebileg Nasantogtokh, Davaasambuu Ganmaa, Shirchinjav Altantuya, Bayarsaikhan Amgalan, Davaasambuu Enkhmaa
  The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.2023; 235: 106411.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of Maternal Vitamin D Supplementation in Preventing Respiratory Tract Infections in Children
  Soo Young Kim
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2022; 43(3): 155.     CrossRef

Background
Intimate partner violence is a severe life-threatening criminal and public health problem affecting the well-being of individuals, families, and society. Planning interventions to reduce the burden of this persistent and criminal violence should be relevant culturally and socially.
Methods
In this randomized control trial, 150 pregnant women residing in slum areas of Hamadan were randomly assigned to two groups (intervention group: n=50 and control group: n=100). Interventional strategies included educating the victims based on local cultural norms, culturally sensitive individual and group counseling, and educating health care providers. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews at baseline and again at 3 months after the intervention. We used a paired t-test to evaluate the effect of the intervention by comparing changes in the outcomes measured.
Results
There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups at baseline in terms of sociodemographic characteristics. Post-test scores of knowledge (7.50±2.65 vs. 5.14±3.51, P=0.001), communication skills (18.38±4.25 vs. 16.2±3.83, P=0.04), and family support and social expectation of obedience (15.79±4.45 vs. 13.40±4.57, P=0.005) of the victims were statistically significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group. Moreover, physical (0.74±2.28 vs. 1.20±2.60, P=0.06), psychological (2.80±4.10 vs. 4.52±5.43, P=0.06), and sexual (0.11±0.58 vs. 0.61±1.22, P=0.04) violence reduced in the experimental group compared to the control group.
Conclusion
Culturally relevant interventions can reduce intimate partner violence.

Citations

• Interventions for intimate partner violence during the perinatal period: A scoping review
  Olivia Mercier, Sarah Yu Fu, Rachel Filler, Alexie Leclerc, Kari Sampsel, Karine Fournier, Mark Walker, Shi Wu Wen, Katherine Muldoon
  Campbell Systematic Reviews.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

Background
Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of fragility fractures. Serum iron level may interact with bone health status. This study investigated the correlations of BMD with serum iron level, hemoglobin level, and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC).
Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of data from the medical records of premenopausal women in South Korea. The women’s BMDs and the Z scores of the BMDs were verified using dual-energy X-ray absorption. The participants were stratified into quartiles for analyses of the associations of BMD with serum iron level, TIBC, and hemoglobin level.
Results
A simple linear regression analysis revealed associations of changes in BMD with iron level (β=-0.001, standard error [SE]=0.001, P<0.001), hemoglobin level (β=0.015, SE=0.003, P<0.001), and TIBC (β=0.001, SE=0.001, P<0.001). This pattern was also observed in a multiple linear regression analysis. A multivariate logistic regression analysis of iron level and TIBC for low BMD revealed odds ratios of 1.005 (P<0.001) and 0.995 (P<0.001), respectively.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated clear relationships of changes in BMD with serum iron level and TIBC, and thus confirms the usefulness of these markers in the clinical evaluation of iron storage and BMD in younger women.

Citations

• Development of novel hybrid nanomaterials with potential application in bone/dental tissue engineering: design, fabrication and characterization enriched-SAPO-34/CS/PANI scaffold
  Golnaz Navidi, Saeideh Same, Maryam Allahvirdinesbat, Parvaneh Nakhostin Panahi, Kazem Dindar Safa
  Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition.2024; 35(13): 2090.     CrossRef
• Effects of bone metabolism on hematopoiesis: A Mendelian randomization study
  Shun-Cheong Ho, Gloria Hoi-Yee Li, Anskar Yu-Hung Leung, Kathryn Choon-Beng Tan, Ching-Lung Cheung
  Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia.2024; 10(4): 151.     CrossRef
• Does Changing the Ratio of Dietary Sodium-to-Potassium Intake Affect Bone Mineral Density?
  Soo Young Kim
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2023; 44(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Associations of blood trace elements with bone mineral density: a population-based study in US adults
  Chunli Wu, Yao Xiao, Yuexia Jiang
  Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of Rapid Weight Loss following Iron Supplementation on Bone Mineral Density and Serum Osteocalcin Levels in University Wrestlers
  Junghoon Lee, Junyung Sung, Taewoong Oh
  IJASS(International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences).2022; : 72.     CrossRef
• Bone Mineral Density and Hemoglobin Levels: Opposite Associations in Younger and Older Women
  Tzyy-Ling Chuang, Malcolm Koo, Mei-Hua Chuang, Yuh-Feng Wang
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(10): 5495.     CrossRef

Background
Menopausal symptoms have remarkable negative effects on women’s quality of life, justifying the need to assess various therapeutic options. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of Vitex agnus-castus extracts in alleviating menopausal symptoms in comparison with that of placebo.
Methods
This study was a randomized controlled double-blind clinical trial with a study group of 52 women referred to a clinic in Kermanshah in 2017. The participants were randomly divided into two groups: Vitex group (26 subjects) and placebo group (26 subjects). Menopausal symptoms were assessed using the Greene Scale before and 8 weeks after the intervention.
Results
After the intervention, the mean scores for total menopausal disorder, anxiety, and vasomotor dysfunction were significantly lower in the Vitex group than in the placebo group (P<0.05). The mean scores of the variables of somatic complications, depression, and sexual dysfunction did not show significant differences between the Vitex and placebo groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion
Administration of Vitex agnus-castus extracts as a phytoestrogenic medicine can alleviate menopausal symptoms in women.

Citations

• Treatment of Menopausal Symptoms with Herbal Medicines: A Review
  Pranay Wal, Indu Singh, Deependra Singh, Manju Rawat Singh, Ankita Wal
  Current Women s Health Reviews.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Scabiosa artropurperea var.maritima aqueous extracts improve in vivo fertility parameters and in vitro granulosa cell steroidogenesis in Ewe
  Wijden Niama, Samia Ben Said, Christelle Rame, Kahena Bouzid, Ahlem Bartakiz, Pascal Froment, Mokhtar Mahouachi, Joëlle Dupont
  Theriogenology.2025; 235: 9.     CrossRef
• Exploring the Efficacy and Safety of Black Cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) in Menopausal Symptom Management
  Kritiksha Hedaoo, Ankit K. Badge, Yugeshwari R. Tiwade, Nandkishor J. Bankar, Vaishnavi H. Mishra
  Journal of Mid-life Health.2024; 15(1): 5.     CrossRef
• Vitex agnus-castus (VAC) plant commonly used in Aydın province, Turkey: women's menstrual and menopausal symptoms
  Serpil Abalı Çetin, Fatma Mutlu
  Journal of Herbal Medicine.2024; 46: 100900.     CrossRef
• Unlocking nature’s secrets: Medicinal plants for enhanced female fertility
  Karishma Singh, Roger Coopoosamy, Alabi David, Kuben Naidoo
  Journal of Medicinal Plants for Economic Development.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of nutritional interventions on the severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms of women in the menopausal transition and menopause: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression
  Ruth B. Grigolon, Gilciane Ceolin, Yan Deng, Alexander Bambokian, Elena Koning, Jennifer Fabe, Maiara Lima, Fernando Gerchman, Claudio N. Soares, Elisa Brietzke, Fabiano A. Gomes
  Menopause.2023; 30(1): 95.     CrossRef
• Sexual dysfunction: an interdisciplinary problem of classical gynecology
  Natalia M. Podzolkova, Liliana V. Sumyatina
  Gynecology.2023; 25(1): 95.     CrossRef
• A hypothesis to explain the potential influence of hormones on the severity of autism spectrum conditions in women
  Rosita Dangmann
  Medical Hypotheses.2023; 178: 111136.     CrossRef
• Does Vitex Agnus-Castus L. Have Deleterious Effect on Fertility and Pregnancy Outcome? An Experimental Study on Rats for Prediction of Its Safety
  Fateme Sadat Najib, Tahereh Poordast, Monireh Sufi Mahmudi, Zahra Shiravani, Niloofar Namazi, Gholamhossein Ranjbar Omrani
  Journal of Pharmacopuncture.2022; 25(2): 106.     CrossRef
• Traditional Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, Biological Properties, and Health Applications of Vitex sp.
  Nurkhalida Kamal, Nurul Syahidah Mio Asni, Ivana Nur Allisya Rozlan, Muhammad Aniq Hamzah Mohd Azmi, Noor Wini Mazlan, Ahmed Mediani, Syarul Nataqain Baharum, Jalifah Latip, Suvik Assaw, Ru Angelie Edrada-Ebel
  Plants.2022; 11(15): 1944.     CrossRef
• Menopause symptoms in women and its relation with using complementary and alternative medicines: A survey in southeast Iran
  Mahlagha Dehghan, Zahra Isari, Mohammad Hossein Abbaszadeh, Asma Ghonchehpour
  Frontiers in Public Health.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Perimenopause and Mental Health
  Nicole Leistikow, Milena H. Smith
  Advances in Psychiatry and Behavioral Health.2022; 2(1): 107.     CrossRef
• Comparison of Cinnamon and Vitex on Improving Sexual Function in Postmenopausal Women: A Triple-blind Randomized Clinical Trial
  Tanya Koliji, Zohrah Keshavarz, Faraz Mojab, Malihe Nasiri, Elham Zare
  Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Global survey of medicinal plants during lactation and postpartum recovery: Evolutionary perspectives and contemporary health implications
  Lindiwe Sibeko, Timothy Johns
  Journal of Ethnopharmacology.2021; 270: 113812.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Jazar Supplement on Quality of Life and Sexual Function in Postmenopausal Women: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
  Sousan Hafizi, Alireza Abbassian, Malihe Tabarrai, Deborah A. Kennedy
  Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2021; 2021: 1.     CrossRef
• Investigation of the role of herbal medicine, acupressure, and acupuncture in the menopausal symptoms: An evidence-based systematic review study
  Abed Ebrahimi, Naeimeh Tayebi, Ahmadinezhad Fatemeh, Marzieh Akbarzadeh
  Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.2020; 9(6): 2638.     CrossRef
• Vitex agnus-castus L.: Main Features and Nutraceutical Perspectives
  Eliana B. Souto, Alessandra Durazzo, Amirhossein Nazhand, Massimo Lucarini, Massimo Zaccardelli, Selma B. Souto, Amelia M. Silva, Patricia Severino, Ettore Novellino, Antonello Santini
  Forests.2020; 11(7): 761.     CrossRef

Background
Fertility and childbearing are the most important determinants of population variation around the world. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the psychological and sociodemographic factors predicting fertility intention among women referred to comprehensive health centers in Hamadan based on the beliefs, attitudes, subjective norms, and enabling factors (BASNEF) model.
Methods
This descriptive analytical study was performed in comprehensive health centers in Hamadan in 2016. Through a multi-stage sampling method, 484 women were enrolled in the study. The data collection tool was a selfreport questionnaire based on the constructs of the BASNEF model. Data were analyzed using linear regression, independent t-test, and a one-way analysis of variance using IBM SPSS software ver. 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).
Results
The mean±standard deviation of the women’s age was 31.85±6.13 years. The variables of motivation to comply (β=0.228), enabling factors (β=0.162), subjective norms (β=0.134), and attitude (β=0.122) were the predictors of fertility intention in women. This model was able to explain 16.8% of variance in behavioral intention. Also, lower age, higher education, shorter duration of marriage, and having a daughter resulted in a greater fertility intention.
Conclusion
It seems that designing and implementing educational programs to improve attitudes, promoting positive subjective norms, and enhancing enabling factors can play a major role in increasing fertility intention in women.

Citations

• The effect of motivational interviewing on attitude and intention for childbearing in healthcare provider women
  Akram Rahimi, Moslem Taheri, Maryam Dafei, Fatemeh ZareMobini
  BMC Psychology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors affecting subsequent dose of COVID-19 vaccine uptake based on BASNEF model among older adults
  Majid Barati, Hanieh Jormand, Salman Khazaei, Saeed Bashirian, Mohadeseh Sadri, Maryam Afshari
  BMC Infectious Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Immediate Antecedents of Intentions for Having Children in Southeast Iranian Women
  Javad Ghasemi, Mansoureh Safizadeh, Zahra Khajeh, Nouzar Nakhaee
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2023; 44(5): 289.     CrossRef
• Attitude of childless married women towards childbearing in Zanjan, Iran
  Fereshteh Naderipour, Jamileh Abolghasemi, Tahereh Dehdari, Roghayeh Nouri
  Payesh (Health Monitor) Journal.2023; 22(3): 335.     CrossRef
• Factors affecting childbearing intention in women employees in Birjand: Application of the theory of planned behavior
  Toktam Alizadeh, Mitra Moodi, Fatemeh Salmani, Asieh Moudi
  Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Spatial Variations in Fertility Desire in West Africa
  Ezra Gayawan, Fidelia Dake, Justin Dansou, Olusegun Sunday Ewemooje
  Spatial Demography.2022; 10(2): 359.     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting Fertility Intention Among People Living with HIV in Kunming, China
  Yingwu Guo, Yingrong Du, Sanguan Lerkiatbundit, Jun Liu, Jingsong Bai, Yongrui Yang, Yin Yang, Aihui Wu, Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong
  HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care.2022; Volume 14: 265.     CrossRef
• Understanding the rationales behind childbearing
  Babak Moeini, Amir Erfani, Majid Barati, Amin Doosti-Irani, Hatam Hosseini, Mokhtar Soheylizad
  Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2022; 11(1): 119.     CrossRef
• Effect of Training Program on Snack Consumption in Elementary School Girls: Application of the BASNEF Model
  Zahra Jalili, Zahra Saboohi, Reza Tavakoli
  Journal of Education and Community Health.2021; 8(1): 3.     CrossRef
• The association of psychological well-being and fertility intention in parents of children with intellectual disability
  Sepideh Sheidanik, Mitra Savabi-Esfahani, Amir Ghamarani, Amir Erfani
  Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2021; 10(1): 13.     CrossRef
• Determinants of fertility intentions among women of reproductive age in South Africa: evidence from the 2016 demographic and health survey
  Olusegun Sunday Ewemooje, Elizabeth Biney, Acheampong Yaw Amoateng
  Journal of Population Research.2020; 37(3): 265.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Home Base Physical Activity Program based on the BASNEF Model on Motor Recovery in Patients with Stroke
  Fatemeh Esteki-Ghashghaei, Mohammad Saadatnia, Fariborz Khorvash, Hossein Shahnazi
  Home Health Care Services Quarterly.2020; 39(3): 154.     CrossRef

Background
Iron is an essential element for women of reproductive age, especially in the period before and during the pregnancy. This study investigates the consumption of iron to prevent iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women visiting Neyshabur healthcare centers based on the theory of planned behavior.
Methods
In this experimental study, data were collected through a questionnaire survey. It included 160 pregnant women who were receiving maternity services at twelve healthcare centers in the city of Neyshabur in Iran between 2015 and 2017. The participants’ demographic and anthropometric characteristics, Using the theory of planned behavior, and blood lab examination results, including ferritin levels were measured and the data were analyzed using IBM SPSS ver. 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).
Results
The average scores of knowledge, attitude, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, and intention categories for the intervention group were meaningfully increased after the participants received education on iron supplementation (P<0.05). However, these changes were not found to be significant in the control group (P>0.05). No statistically significant difference was obtained in the subjective norms category between the two groups after the education intervention (P=0.92).
Conclusion
Based on the experimental effects of education encouraging iron supplementation in pregnant women, it is suggested that workshops promoting iron supplementation should be conducted in health centers with the aim of preventing widespread iron deficiency anemia.

Citations

• Effectiveness of a Web-Based Medication Education Course on Pregnant Women’s Medication Information Literacy and Decision Self-Efficacy: Randomized Controlled Trial
  Suya Li, Hui-Jun Chen, Jie Zhou, Yi-Bei Zhouchen, Rong Wang, Jinyi Guo, Sharon R Redding, Yan-Qiong Ouyang
  Journal of Medical Internet Research.2025; 27: e54148.     CrossRef
• Factors affecting parental awareness of the nutritional intake to their children’s growth
  T H S T Abu Bakar, S Z Ibrahim, S Zakaria, M M Nor, N M Zain, S N H Mohammad Azmin, J Y Liew, F A Abdullah, F Rosli
  IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.2024; 1397(1): 012024.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of Health Education Interventions in Enhancing Iron-Folic Acid Supplement Utilization Among Pregnant Women: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
  Jira Wakoya Feyisa, Judy Yuen-Man Siu, Xue Bai
  Nutrition Reviews.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Reproductive health of women with endometriosis: an improving educational intervention based on the planned behavior theory
  Niusha Zandi, Zahra Behboodi Moghadam, Batool Hossein Rashidi, Masoumeh Namazi, Shima Haghani
  Middle East Fertility Society Journal.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Salient Beliefs in the Intention for Self-Care Behaviors when Facing Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnant Women
  Iliana Milena Ulloa Sabogal, Edier Mauricio Arias Rojas
  Aquichan.2023; 23(2): 1.     CrossRef
• Telephonic intervention to combat non-adherence to oral iron-folic acid supplementation in pregnancy: A randomized controlled trial
  Sakshi Sharma, M.V. Smitha, Deepthy Balakrishnan
  European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology: X.2023; 20: 100235.     CrossRef
• Instrumento “Determinantes del comportamiento de autocuidado ante hipertensión en el embarazo”
  Iliana Milena Ulloa Sabogal, Mauricio Arias-Rojas , Diego Alejandro Salazar Blandón
  Avances en Enfermería.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior aimed at mothers on osteoporosis prevention behaviors in lower secondary school female students
  Fatemeh Shahmohamadi, Meimanat Hoseini, Mahsa Matbouei, Malihe Nasiri
  Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2022; 11(1): 15.     CrossRef
• Interventions to increase adherence to micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy: a systematic review
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Background
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between marital status and the incidence of metabolic syndrome in Korean middle-aged women.
Methods
Based on data from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013–2014), 3,225 women aged 40–69 years were subjected to the analysis. Marital status was categorized as married, unmarried, separated, widowed, or divorced. The odds ratios (ORs) for metabolic syndrome were calculated based on marital status. After adjustment for age, income level, education level, alcohol intake, smoking status, leisure physical activity, menopause status, daily calories, and fat intake, changes in the OR for metabolic syndrome based on marital status were examined by multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Results
The OR for metabolic syndrome in the widowed group to the married group was 4.818 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.861–6.002; P<0.001) and that after adjustment of age, economic level, education level, alcohol intake, smoking status, physical activity, menopause status, total daily calories, and fat intake was 2.141 (CI, 1.432–3.199; P<0.001), both of which were statistically significant. The OR for metabolic syndrome in the unmarried group to the married group was 0.246 (CI, 0.141–0.431; P<0.001) after adjustment of all components. On the contrary, the ORs of the separated group and the divorced group to the married group were not significant.
Conclusion
In comparison with the married middle-aged group, the widowed middle-aged group tended to have a higher risk of metabolic syndrome, which is speculated to be related to socioeconomic factors and health behavior.

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  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2013; 10(5): 1747.     CrossRef
• Predictors of long-term smoking cessation: results from the global adult tobacco survey in Poland (2009–2010)
  Dorota Kaleta, Przemysław Korytkowski, Teresa Makowiec-Dąbrowska, Bukola Usidame, Leokadia Bąk-Romaniszyn, Adam Fronczak
  BMC Public Health.2012;[Epub]     CrossRef

Citations

• Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Training on Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Risk, and Strength in the Population Who Are Overweight and Obese: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis
  Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias, Luis Manuel Martínez-Aranda, Luis Andreu-Caravaca, Gema Sanz, Pedro J. Benito, Domingo J. Ramos-Campo
  Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.2021; 102(12): 2442.     CrossRef
• Towards reporting guidelines of research using whole-body vibration as training or treatment regimen in human subjects—A Delphi consensus study
  Anika Wuestefeld, Anselm B. M. Fuermaier, Mario Bernardo-Filho, Danúbia da Cunha de Sá-Caputo, Jörn Rittweger, Eckhard Schoenau, Christina Stark, Pedro J. Marin, Adérito Seixas, Stefan Judex, Redha Taiar, Csaba Nyakas, Eddy A. van der Zee, Marieke J. G. v
  PLOS ONE.2020; 15(7): e0235905.     CrossRef
• WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION TRAINING PROTOCOLS IN OBESE INDIVIDUALS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
  Fábio Antônio Tenório de Melo, Gislane Ferreira de Melo, Severino Leão de Albuquerque Neto, Rogério Wagner da Silva, Nanci Maria de França, Amanda Alves da Silva, Carlos Ernesto Santos Ferreira
  Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte.2019; 25(6): 527.     CrossRef
• Whole-body vibration training in obese subjects: A systematic review
  Matteo Zago, Paolo Capodaglio, Cristina Ferrario, Marco Tarabini, Manuela Galli, Slavko Rogan
  PLOS ONE.2018; 13(9): e0202866.     CrossRef
• Do 6 months of whole-body vibration training improve lean mass and bone mass acquisition of adolescent swimmers?
  A. Gómez-Bruton, A. González-Agüero, A. Matute-Llorente, C. Julián, G. Lozano-Berges, A. Gómez-Cabello, J. A. Casajús, G. Vicente-Rodríguez
  Archives of Osteoporosis.2017;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The effect of whole-body vibration training on lean mass in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  Jacobo Á. Rubio-Arias, Elena Marín-Cascales, Domingo J. Ramos-Campo, Alejandro Martínez-Rodríguez, Linda H. Chung, Pedro E. Alcaraz
  Menopause.2017; 24(2): 225.     CrossRef
• Energy expenditure and substrate utilization during whole body vibration
  Ravena Santos Raulino, Fernanda Meira de Aguiar, Núbia Carelli Pereira de Avelar, Isabela Gomes Costa, Jacqueline da Silva Soares, Ana Cristina Rodrigues Lacerda
  Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte.2015; 21(2): 122.     CrossRef
• Effects of small-volume soccer and vibration training on body composition, aerobic fitness, and muscular PCr kinetics for inactive women aged 20–45
  Luke J. Connolly, Suzanne Scott, Magni Mohr, Giorgos Ermidis, Ross Julian, Jens Bangsbo, Sarah R. Jackman, Joanna L. Bowtell, Rosemary C. Davies, Susan J. Hopkins, Richard Seymour, Karen M. Knapp, Peter Krustrup, Jonathan Fulford
  Journal of Sport and Health Science.2014; 3(4): 284.     CrossRef
• The Effect on Improvement of Muscle Strength Imbalance According to Load Deviation Protocol of Whole Body Vibration Exercise
  Shin Bae Seo, Seung Rok Kang, Chang Ho Yu, Jin Young Min, Tae Kyu Kwon
  Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering.2013; 30(10): 1095.     CrossRef
• Whole body vibration training improves leg blood flow and adiposity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
  Borja Sañudo, Rosa Alfonso-Rosa, Borja del Pozo-Cruz, Jesus del Pozo-Cruz, Delfín Galiano, Arturo Figueroa
  European Journal of Applied Physiology.2013; 113(9): 2245.     CrossRef

Citations

• Blood pressure can be seriously elevated during botulinum toxin A detrusor injection
  Heinrich Schulte-Baukloh, Catarina Weiss, Burkert Pieske, Thorsten Schlomm, Bernhard Ralla, Hendrik Borgmann, Dirk Höppner, Sarah Weinberger
  World Journal of Urology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• How should we assess the cardiovascular system in patients presenting with bothersome nocturia? ICI‐RS 2023
  Irina Verbakel, Jason Lazar, Sanjay Sinha, Hashim Hashim, Jeffrey P. Weiss, Paul Abrams, Karel Everaert
  Neurourology and Urodynamics.2024; 43(6): 1391.     CrossRef
• Obesity and hypertension: Obesity medicine association (OMA) clinical practice statement (CPS) 2023
  Tiffany Lowe Clayton, Angela Fitch, Harold Edward Bays
  Obesity Pillars.2023; 8: 100083.     CrossRef
• Knowledge of Home Blood Pressure Monitoring among Medical Students in Malaysia
  Siew Mooi Ching, Man Jun Soo, Shen Horng Chong, Navin Kumar Devaraj, Jun Ying Ng, Yong Jian Leong, Kai Wei Lee, Mansi Patil, Hooi Min Lim, Hooi Chin Beh, Subapriya Suppiah, Abdul Hanif Khan Yusof Khan
  Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences.2023; 19(s17): 41.     CrossRef
• Important blood pressure changes in clinical practice: narrative literature review
  Maria Cristina PEDRAZINI, Luciane Francischini Gottschall ODONE, Mônica Feresini GROPPO, Francisco Carlos GROPPO
  RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Sources of automatic office blood pressure measurement error: a systematic review
  Jian Liu, Yumin Li, Jianqing Li, Dingchang Zheng, Chengyu Liu
  Physiological Measurement.2022; 43(9): 09TR02.     CrossRef
• Nutritive and Phytochemical Composition of Aromatic Microgreen Herbs and Spices Belonging to the Apiaceae Family
  Maria Giordano, Spyridon A. Petropoulos, Marios C. Kyriacou, Giulia Graziani, Armando Zarrelli, Youssef Rouphael, Christophe El-Nakhel
  Plants.2022; 11(22): 3057.     CrossRef
• How Should We Measure and Deal with Office Blood Pressure in 2021?
  Annina S. Vischer, Thilo Burkard
  Diagnostics.2021; 11(2): 235.     CrossRef
• Measuring blood pressure and monitoring patterns
  Sally Thompson
  Journal of Paramedic Practice.2018; 10(8): 351.     CrossRef
• Sources of inaccuracy in the measurement of adult patients’ resting blood pressure in clinical settings
  Noa Kallioinen, Andrew Hill, Mark S. Horswill, Helen E. Ward, Marcus O. Watson
  Journal of Hypertension.2017; 35(3): 421.     CrossRef

Citations

• Development and validation of a diagnostic nomogram model for osteoporosis in the elderly using 3D multi-echo Dixon sequence combined with magnetization transfer imaging
  Qiuju Fan, Hui Tan, Zhongxu Zhang, Xingui Feng, Nan Yu, Yong Yu, Shaoyu Wang, Guangming Ma
  Magnetic Resonance Imaging.2025; 117: 110320.     CrossRef
• Association between body mass index and fragility fracture in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2009 (KNHANES IV)
  Jihan Kim, Sami Lee, Sung Soo Kim, Jong-Pyo Lee, Jong Sung Kim, Jin Gyu Jung, Seok Jun Yoon, Kyu Pil Kim, Chan-Keol Park, Yong-Hwan Kim
  BMC Women's Health.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Eating Behavior Traits, Weight Loss Attempts, and Vertebral Dimensions Among the General Northern Finnish Population
  Petteri Oura, Jaakko Niinimäki, Jaro Karppinen, Marjukka Nurkkala
  Spine.2019; 44(21): E1264.     CrossRef
• Underweight Young Women Without Later Weight Gain Are at High Risk for Osteopenia After Midlife: The KOBE Study
  Yukako Tatsumi, Aya Higashiyama, Yoshimi Kubota, Daisuke Sugiyama, Yoko Nishida, Takumi Hirata, Aya Kadota, Kunihiro Nishimura, Hironori Imano, Naomi Miyamatsu, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Tomonori Okamura
  Journal of Epidemiology.2016; 26(11): 572.     CrossRef
• Association of Weight-Adjusted Body Fat and Fat Distribution with Bone Mineral Density in Middle-Aged Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
  Yan-hua Liu, Ying Xu, Ya-bin Wen, Ke Guan, Wen-hua Ling, Li-ping He, Yi-xiang Su, Yu-ming Chen, Nick Harvey
  PLoS ONE.2013; 8(5): e63339.     CrossRef
• Decreased Jaw Bone Density and Osteoblastic Insulin Signaling in a Model of Obesity
  S.N. Pramojanee, M. Phimphilai, S. Kumphune, N. Chattipakorn, S.C. Chattipakorn
  Journal of Dental Research.2013; 92(6): 560.     CrossRef

Although low bone mass and accelerated bone loss can occur early in life, osteoporosis is usually considered a disorder of postmenopausal women. However, some premenopausal women are also at risk for osteoporosis. Because of a lack of knowledge and few practice recommendations for premenopausal women, it can be more difficult to determine the potential risk and to manage the low bone mass in these women. Low bone density in the young adult female may refl ect attainment of a lower peak bone mass or be secondary to progressive bone loss following attainment of peak bone density. Early bone health is a key determinant of future osteoporosis, optimizing the bone gain by young adulthood and minimizing the bone loss by menopause is the important preventive strategies. Low bone mass in the young adult female may be associated with prolonged amenorrhea, anorexia nervosa, chronic glucocorticoid therapy and diseases that affect calcium and vitamin D metabolism. Also, bone loss may be associated with common conditions such as smoking, dieting, low calcium intake, and low physical activity. This review addresses peak bone mass accrual, risk factors, screening or evaluation and management of low bone mass in young adult female.

Citations

• Bone Mineral Density, Biochemical Bone Turnover Markers and Factors associated with Bone Health in Young Korean Women
  Young-Joo Park, Sook Ja Lee, Nah-Mee Shin, Hyunjeong Shin, Yoo-Kyung Kim, Yunjung Cho, Songi Jeon, Inhae Cho
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2014; 44(5): 504.     CrossRef
• Structural Model for Osteoporosis Preventive Behaviors in Postmenopausal Women: Focused on their Own BMD Awareness
  Young Joo Park, Sook Ja Lee, Nah Mee Shin, Hyun Cheol Kang, Sun Haeng Kim, Tak Kim, Song I Jeon, In hae Cho
  Korean Journal of Adult Nursing.2013; 25(5): 527.     CrossRef
• A Study on the Level of Awareness and Self-Efficacy of Osteoporosis in Young Women
  Euysoon Choi, Ju Young Lee
  Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing.2010; 16(2): 204.     CrossRef

Background
Several studies showed the relationship between serum homocysteine and pulse wave velocity, but their subjects were confi ned to high risk group for cardiovascular diseases and recent study revealed no relationship in young healthy adults. We hypothesized that time interval would be needed for serum homocysteine to infl uence pulse wave velocity after exposure to vascular endothelium. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between serum homocysteine and pulse wave velocity in middle aged women on the basis of that hypothesis and necessity for further study in general population.Methods: The study subjects were 110 middle aged women who visited a health promotion center of a general hospital. We collected medical history by means of self-reported questionnaire and measured height, weight, blood pressure and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Blood sampling was performed after overnight fasting. We analyzed the relationship between several cardiovascular risk factors and baPWV and performed multiple regression analysis.Results: BaPWV velocity was correlated signifi cantly with age, mean blood pressure, serum homocysteine, total cholesterol and diabetes mellitus, but not with body mass index, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, creatinine clearance, alcohol intake, hypertension and smoking. In multiple regression, there was a signifi cant association between age (P = 0.04), moderate hyperhomocysteinemia (P = 0.02), mean blood pressure (P < 0.001) and baPWV.Conclusion: In middle aged women, there was an independently positive association between serum homocysteine and baPWV.

Citations

• Borderline-High Mean Corpuscular Volume Levels Are Associated with Arterial Stiffness among the Apparently Healthy Korean Individuals
  Haneul Kwon, Byoungjin Park
  Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2020; 41(6): 387.     CrossRef

Background: There have been many studies on osteoporosis, which is one of the most important cause of fracture in adults. However, whether moderate physical activity during youth confers lasting benefits for bone is unclear. Thus, we are here concerned with the relation of teenage physical activity and bone mineral density in Korean premenopausal women. Methods: From March to June 2007, 75 clients who visited a general hospital for medical check-up were enrolled in this study. The subjects reported physical activity for four age periods (12∼18, 19∼34, 35∼49, current) using self reporting questionnaire. And they completed two 3-day food records, had measurements of height and weight, and aBMD assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar spine (L2-4) and femoral neck. Results: There was a significant relation of teenage physical activity (especially weight bearing physical activity) and aBMD in both sites (lumbar spine r=0.42, P＜ 0.01; femoral neck r=0.33, P＜0.01). But the activity during other age periods was not associated with the current aBMD at both sites. Conclusion: Our results suggest that moderate physical activity during the teen years appears to have lasting benefits for lumbar spine and femoral neck aBMD in Korean premenopausal women. (J Korean Acad Fam Med 2008;29:781-787)