Korean Journal of Family Medicine

"weight reduction"

Original Articles

Weight Control Attempts in Underweight Korean Adults: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2010: O Jin Ee Choi, Young Gyu Cho, Jae Heon Kang, Hyun Ah Park, Kyoung Woo Kim, Yang Im Hur, Hyun Ji Yim; Korean J Fam Med 2013;34(6):393-402. Published online November 25, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.2013.34.6.393

Abstract
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Background

Underweight refers to the weight range in which health risk can increase, since the weight is lower than a healthy weight. Negative attitudes towards obesity and socio-cultural preference for thinness could induce even underweight persons to attempt weight control. This study was conducted to investigate factors related to weight control attempts in underweight Korean adults.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study on 690 underweight adults aged 25 to 69 years using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007-2010. Body image perception, weight control attempts during the past one year, various health behaviors, history of chronic diseases, and socioeconomic status were surveyed.

Results

Underweight women had a higher rate of weight control attempts than underweight men (25.4% vs. 8.1%, P < 0.001). Among underweight men, subjects with the highest physical activity level (odds ratio [OR], 7.75), subjects with physician-diagnosed history of chronic diseases (OR, 7.70), and subjects with non-manual jobs or other jobs (OR, 6.22; 12.39 with reference to manual workers) had a higher likelihood of weight control attempts. Among underweight women, subjects who did not perceive themselves as thin (OR, 4.71), subjects with the highest household income level (OR, 2.61), and unmarried subjects (OR, 2.08) had a higher likelihood of weight control attempts.

Conclusion

This study shows that numbers of underweight Korean adults have tried to control weight, especially women. Seeing that there are gender differences in factors related to weight control attempts in underweight adults, gender should be considered in helping underweight adults to maintain a healthy weight.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Weight Changes with Topiramate in Korean Overweight Epileptic Patients.: Young Sung Suh, Yong Won Cho, Sang Do Lee; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2008;29(1):20-25. Published online January 10, 2008

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Changes in Heart Rate Variability after Weight Reduction in the Obese.: Nam Seok Joo, Soo Bum Park, Kwang Min Kim, Sang Man Kim, Duk Joo Lee, Bom Taeck Kim; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2005;26(11):693-698. Published online November 10, 2005

Abstract
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Background
: Obesity increases morbidities and mortalities due to cardiovascular diseases. In previous studies, decrease in heart rate variability was associated with cardiovascular death and reduced heart rate variability in the obese had been reported. The authors investigated immediate changes in the heart rate variability after weight reduction in obese individuals.

Methods : The subjects for this study were 39 Korean adults (35 female, 4 male), who visited obesity clinic in a university hospital from January 2002 to July 2003. At first visit, weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference of the subjects were measured. We also measured parameters of heart rate variability: Mean Heart Rate (MHR), Standard Deviation of N-N interval (SDNN), The Square Root of the Mean Squared Difference of successive NN intervals (RMSSD), Total Power (TP), Low Frequency (LF), High Frequency (HF), and LF/HF ratio. Weight reduction protocol included nutritional counseling, exercise, behavioral modification and anti-obesity medications, if needed.

Results : At 12 weeks of intervention, weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, and lean body mass significantly decreased (3.90±3.11 kg, -1.50±1.21 kg/m², -4.45±5.61 cm, -3.03±2.45 kg, -1.32±1.16 kg, P＜0.01, respectively). MHR (-6.17±9.65 bpm, P＜0.01) and LF/ HF (-0.61±1.56, P＜0.05) showed significant reduction. Changes of weight and LF were positively correlated (r=0.338, P＜0.01). Changes of waist circumference was correlated with changes of SDNN (r= 0.331, P＜0.05). Changes of BMI showed positive correlation with changes in TP (r=0.327, P＜0.05) and LF (r=0.345, P＜0.05).

Conclusion : Short term intervention for obese people decreased sympathetic nervous activity.

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Weight Loss Reduce hsCRP Levels in Korean Premenopausal Obese Women.: Sooa Kim, Kyung Won Shim, Hong Soo Lee, Sang Hwa Lee, Hee Sun Suh, Young A Oh; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2005;26(9):529-535. Published online September 10, 2005

Abstract
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Background
: Obesity has been proposed as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. CRP has been proposed as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and has been associated with body weight and body fatness. It has been known that weight reduction reduces CRP. We examined the hypothesis that weight loss can reduce plasma CRP levels in Korean, obese premenopausal women.

Methods : In a sample of 36 Korean obese (BMI 25.00 ∼47.02 kg/m²), premenopausal (22∼48 years) women, we measured hsCRP, plasma lipid profiles, blood glucose, body weight, body mass indexes, body fatness and intraabdominal body fat area. A 12-week weight reduction program was conducted in 36 obese women. When the program was finished, fat distribution, hsCRP and lipid profile test was repeated. The effects of weight loss on CRP levels were tested by means of paired t-test and nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test.

Results : We found that plasma CRP level was positively associated with body weight, body mass index, body fatness, CT-measured abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat area. After a 12-week weight loss protocol, the average weight loss was 7.97±3.46 kg (P＜0.0001) with loss of fat mass 5.29±0.59 kg, and 1.98±1.20 kg lean body mass. Plasma CRP levels were both positively associated with plasma CRP level reductions (P=0.0437).

Conclusion : Obesity and adiposity influenced significantly on plasma CRP in Korean premenopausal women on cross sectional basis. Moreover, 12-week caloric restriction induced weight loss decreased plasma CRP levels. Weight loss represents an intervention to reduce plasma CRP and can mediate to reduce cardiovascular disease risk in Korean obese premenopausal women.

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Change of Body Composition in Obese Women with Short-term Low Calory Diets.: Hong Ki Lee, Young Gan Lee, Bok Gi Lee, Kyu Rae Lee, Kyoung Kon Kim, Hee Cheol Kang, Bang Bu Yun; J Korean Acad Fam Med 2004;25(1):21-27. Published online January 10, 2004

Abstract
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Background
: A reasonable weight reduction method is to reduce fat-body mass while preserving fat-free mass. Recently, many people in Korea have been trying reckless diet therapy for weight reduction by means of low calory and protein diets, which gave rise to many side effects consequently. For reasonable weight reduction, this study was undertaken to investigate the significant dietary factors that change body composition during short-term low calory diet.

Methods : Twenty six healthy obese women aged 23∼37 years, whose BMI was greater than 24, volunteered for the 6 week diet therapy from January to April in 2003. All subjects were instructed to eat approximately 1,200 kcal/day and keep a dietary diary. In the beginning the 3rd week and the 6th week of the study, subjects' body weight were measured and fat body weight were measured by BIA. In the 6th week, the analysis of the dietary diary was conducted.

Results : There was a significant positive correlation between the protein intake per ideal body weight in the first 3 weeks and the fat-free mass increase in the latter 3 weeks (P＜0.05). At the same time, the fat intake in the first 3 weeks had positive correlation with the fat-free mass in the latter 3 weeks, also (P＜0.05). But, we could not find any significant values that had effect on the fat-free mass increase in multiple regression analysis.

Conclusion : The protein intake in the first 3 weeks helped to preserve the fat-free mass in the latter 3 weeks, and had positive effects.