Abstract
The International Continence Society (ICS) defines urinary incontinence (UI) as the complaint of any involuntary leakage of urine. The common pathophysiology of UI in women involves an overactive detrusor or an incompetent urethral sphincter. Therefore UI is categorized as stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urge urinary incontinence (UUI), mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) and overflow incontinence. SUI and UUI are the two most common types of UI in women. According to Korean national survey in 2005, the prevalence of UI is 24.4% and the prevalence of UI increased with age. Of those women, 48.8% reported SUI, 7.7% UUI, 41.6% mixed UI. Therefore the proper diagnostic work-up is needed to increase clinical outcome because many treatment options are being in women with UI. Non-invasive treatments include behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy. Especially anticholinergics are the cornerstone of UUI treatment, whereas surgical treatments, such as TOT, TVT, are considered as a gold standard of SUI treatment. The cure rate of TOT or TVT surgery for SUI revealed 80-90% according to many studies and complication rate is reported about 5%. Therefore, by effectively identifying and treating incontinence it is possible to significantly improve patients' quality of life.
초록
여성에서 요실금은 매우 흔한 질환으로 발생 기전에 따라 복압성, 절박성, 복합성 요실금으로 나눌 수 있다. 복압성 요실금은 골반저근이나 요도를 지지하고 있는 구조물의 약화가 주원인으로 기침이나 운동을 할 때 요실금이 발생한다. 절박성 요실금은 방광 기능의 이상으로 초래되는 경우가 많지만 원인을 찾을 수 없는 경우도 많으며 소변 마려운 느낌이 갑자기 와서 참지 못하고 소변을 지리는 현상을 말한다. 복합성 요실금은 복압성 요실금과 절박성 요실금이 복합되어 있는 것을 말한다. 최근에는 약물 요법과 수술법의 발달로 치료 성공률이 매우 높으므로, 정확한 진단 하에 적합한 치료를 한다면 만족할 만한 결과를 얻을 수 있는 질환이라고 할 수 있다.
Citations
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