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Journal of the Korean Academy of Family Medicine 1992;13(7):592-601.
Published online July 1, 1992.
A close examination od smoking highschool students and the relationship between family APGAR score and smoking.
Woong Im, Gwang Hwy Kim, Wul Mi Park, Hong Soo Lee, Jong Hoon Lee
고교생 흡연실태 및 가족기능지수와 흡연과의 관계
임웅, 김광휘, 박월미, 이홍수, 이종훈
서울기독병원 가정의학과 건국대학교 민중병원 가정의학과
Abstract
Background
: Through the examination on the actual smoking condition of high school student with the family factors, the relationship between the problems of family APGAR and smoking, psychological influence by smoking and articles of newspaper and public opinion on smoking, this study tried to provide helpful materials which can be used to make education plans to let them stop smoking.

Methods : To make survey, authors selected 505 junior and senior students (male: 222, female: 283) from four high schools, of which two(a girls' and a boys') are located in Seoul and the rest in the country.

Results : Among the surveyed students, 38.7 of boys and 12.0% of girls smoke habitually. About the motives of smoking, 34.1% start smoking through the inducement of their friends, 30.0% curiosity and 27.0% stress. About the age when first smoked, 20.3% responded that they start smoking before 13 years old, 24.8% at the age of fourteen, 25.4% at fifteen, 13.7% at sixteen, 9.3% at seventeen and 6.2% at eighteen, which showed that the earlier their first smoking experience, the higher the rate of tendency sticking to habitual smoking. The 18.3% of smoking students and 1.8% of non-smoking ones experienced addicting drug. In addition, 93.0% of smoking group and 27.2% of non-smoking one experienced drinking. When it comes to the family factors in smoking, religion of family member did not make any noticeable statistical differences. The higher the average family income, the higher the rate of smoking. The students whose parents have a do-as-you-2like-it attitude of education showed higher rate of smoking that those of democratic one. In particular, students who had habitually smoking family members recorded comparatively high smoking rate. The average family APGAR score was 5.7. The 15.0% of students had severely dysfunctional family 37.8% moderate and 35.6% healthy functional family, of which severely dysfunctional group showed high smoking rate.

Conclusion : Severely dysfunctional family group showed high smoking rate and a variety of family factors influenced on the adolescent smoking. Since smoking has serious influence on their physical and psychological status, the early stage education to help them stop smoking and the recovery from family dysfunction are thought to be very important.
초록
연구배경 : 고교생들의 가족요인에 따른 흡연 양태 및 가족기능 장애정도와 흡연과의 관계, 흡연에 의한 심리적 영향, 담배에 대한 지식 또는 의견등을 알아보고 이들의 금연지도에 바람직한 대책을 강구하는데 도움이 될 자료를 얻기 위하여 본 연구를 시도하였다.

방법 : 대도시와 소도시의 남,여 고등학교 각각 2개교씩 4개교를 선정하여 2,3학년 505명(남:222명, 여:283명)을 대상으로 설문 조사하여 결과를 부호화해서 전산처리했다.

결과 : 흡연실태를 보면 습관성 흡연자는 남자가 38.7%, 여자가 1.0%였고 흡연동기는 친구들의 권유가 34.1%, 호기심이 30.0%, 스트레스 해소를 위해서가 27.1%순이었다. 최초 흡연연령은 13세이하가 20.5%, 14세가 24.8%, 15세가 25.4%, 16세가 13.7%, 17세가 9.3%, 18세가 6.2%였으며 최초 흡연 연령이 낮을 수록 습관성 흡연으로 고착되는 경향이 높았다. 흡연군의 18.3%, 비흡연군의 1.8%에서 습관성약물등을 경험하였고 흡연군의 93.0%, 비흡연군의 27.2%에서 음주경험이 있었다. 가족요인에 따른 흡연 양태는 가족 종교 유무는 흡연여부에 대해 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었고 가족 평균수입이 높을 수록, 부모의 교육방식이 방임적인 경우가 민주적인 경우보다, 그리고 가족 중 상습흡연자가 있는 경우가 학생흡연이 높았다. 평균 가족기능 지수는 5.7점이고, 중증의 가족기능 장애군이 15.0%, 중등도의 가족기능 장애군이 37.8%, 건강한 가족기능군이 35.6%였으며 중증의 가족기능 장애군에서 흡연율이 높았다.

결론 : 중증의 가족기능 장애군에서 흡연율이 높고, 여러가지 가족요인이 청소년 흡연에 영향을 미치며, 흡연은 신체적, 심리적으로 심각한 영향을 미치는 것으로 이들의 조기 금연교육과 가족기능 회복이 중요하다.


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